In the overzealous drive to criminalize and target the homeless for offences that are mostly related to their poverty status, this article makes the argument that homelessness produces targets for policing, and by extension, punishment. Drawing upon empirical evidence carried out in England, this article highlights the challenges that having no fixed abode presents within the criminal justice s...

Using the example of two English villages, this paper examines whether rural crime concern is evidence of an ‘exclusive society’ (Young, 2002) in the countryside. Specific attention is given to concerns expressed by residents as part of a consultation exercise to establish community-based policing partnerships in rural areas of the West Mercia Constabulary. Based on these findings the paper goe...

Until a few decades ago, the police were mainly a reactive bureaucratic organization that moved from one criminal event to the next, according to the degree to which the outside world required its services. Since then the police have abandoned the emphasis on law enforcement with regards to petty crime and public order. More recently the police have developed community policing as an important ...

White-collar crime is financial crime committed by upper-class members of society for personal or organizational gain. White-collar criminals are individuals who tend to be wealthy, highly educated and socially connected, and they are typically employed by, and within, legitimate organizations. Ever since Edwin Sutherland first introduced the concept of “white-collar” crime in 1939, researchers...