In Hokkaido, northern Japan, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] crops are damaged by cold weather. Chilling temperatures result in the appearance of cracking seeds (CS) in soybean crops, especially those grown in eastern and northern Hokkaido. Seed coats of CS are severely split on the dorsal side, and the cotyledons are exposed and frequently separated. CS occurrence causes unstable production b...

In Ardabil region potato crop needs several irrigation, however ground water supplies arebeing exhausted due to reduced precipitation and intensive irrigation. In this research droughttolerance of 10 commercial potato cultivars was studied at three irrigation treatments (100%,80% and 60% of required irrigation water) in Ardabil in a two years field study, 2013-2014.At harvest, marketable tuber ...

Heat stress is a critical challenge to tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) in many areas of the globe and variations in genetic structure and functional traits is for the efficient breeding programs on developing heat tolerant cultivars. Tolerant-related morpho-physiological traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to survey genetic diversity in greenhouse and growth ...

Soil salinity is a limiting factor of crop yield. The soybean is sensitive to soil salinity, and a dominant gene, Glyma03g32900 is primarily responsible for salt-tolerance. The identification of high throughput and robust markers as well as the deployment of salt-tolerant cultivars are effective approaches to minimize yield loss under saline conditions. We utilized high quality (15x) whole-geno...

Sensitivity to ozone of pollen germinating in vitro is closely correlated with ozone sensitivity of the pollen parent. Ozone-sensitive and tolerant pollen populations have been identified in tobacco, petunia, and tomato cultivars. The rate of tube elongation can be reversibly slowed or stopped by exposure to low concentrations of ozone. Tube growth rates in the presence of a range of ozone dosa...

Stand problems consistently cause significant production and management losses in Arkansas rice fields. In 2002, many fields in Arkansas had severe stand losses. Three control practices are being examined in this project for managing stand losses due to seedling diseases: 1) seed treatment fungicides, 2) development of cold-tolerant cultivars, and 3) the use of disease-suppressive production sy...

In order to identify genes involved in soybean resistance to aluminium (Al) stress differential gene expression patterns of Al-stressed and non-stressed tolerant and sensitive soybean cultivars were compared. Out of eight described genes, potentially related to mechanisms of aluminium stress, only phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) revealed enhanced expression in roots of tolerant as compar...

Drought stress is the main limiting factor of soybean yield. Currently, genetic engineering has been one important tool in the development of drought-tolerant cultivars. A widely used strategy is the fusion of genes that confer tolerance under the control of the CaMV35S constitutive promoter; however, stress-responsive promoters would constitute the best alternative to the generation of drought...

Brachiaria grasses are sown in tropical regions around the world, especially in the Neotropics, to improve livestock production. Waterlogging is a major constraint to the productivity and persistence of Brachiaria grasses during the rainy season. While some Brachiaria cultivars are moderately tolerant to seasonal waterlogging, none of the commercial cultivars combines superior yield potential a...

The exorbitant yield loss incurred by Indian farmers every year (10-90%) in rapeseed-mustard (Brassica juncea) is chiefly attributed to the progressive infestation of mustard fields by Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), a major insect pest belonging to the family of Homoptera. Currently there are no successful tolerant cultivars developed by conventional means in Brassica juncea with systemic plant resp...