Perches can enhance laying hen welfare, but their effectiveness might be age-dependent. We investigated early and late perch access effects on anxiety fear in pullets through attention bias (AB) tonic immobility (TI) tests. Pullets (n = 728) were raised with or without multi-level perches: CP (continuous access: 0–37 weeks), EP (early 0–17 LP (late 17–37 NP (no access). AB was conducted weeks 2...

The survival of captive-reared pheasants in the wild depends primarily on their ability to avoid predators, therefore, need maintain innate anti-predatory behaviour. aim this study was assess effects age and disturbance tonic immobility (TI) ( Phasianus colchicus ) kept a commercial rearing facility. TI tests were performed aged 8, 10, 12, 14 16 weeks. Randomly selected same tested either immed...