Natural wind is stochastic, being characterized by its speed and direction which change randomly and frequently. Because of the certain lag in control systems and the yaw body itself, wind turbines cannot be accurately aligned toward the wind direction when the wind speed and wind direction change frequently. Thus, wind turbines often suffer from a series of engineering issues during operation,...

Side-shift and disk-steer implement guidance systems were tested for differences in performance during cultivation on fields with 0 and 5% side slope. Test speeds were slow (4.8 km/h, 3 mph) and medium (8.0 km/h, 5 mph). Test path shapes included a tractor ramp, implement ramp, sine and curve. Performance measures included tractor positional error, implement positional error, torque from side f...

The bacterial flagellar motor is made of a rotor and stators. In Salmonella it is thought that about a dozen MotA/B complexes are anchored to the peptidoglycan layer around the motor through the C-terminal peptidoglycan-binding domain of MotB to become active stators as well as proton channels. MotB consists of 309 residues, forming a single transmembrane helix (30-50), a stalk (51-100) and a C...

An actuator is required to change its speed and force depending on the situation. Using multiple actuators for one driving axis is one of the possible solutions; however, there is an associated problem of output power matching. This study proposes a new active joint mechanism using multiple actuators. Because the actuator is made of a flexible bag, it does not interfere with other actuators whe...

This paper presents the three phase AC/DC converter drive effects on the linearity of the Torque-speed characteristics. A MATLAB/Simulink realization of the three phase AC/DC converter drive is described. The DC motor speed control is achieved by controlling the voltage applied to the armature circuit using three phase AC/DC converter drive. A comparison between the application of three phase s...

Combustion in the cylinder of a spark ignition engine, particularly under low load conditions, is subject to cycleby-cycle variations due to factors such as mixture quality and quantity and internal exhaust gas recirculation. The major result of this phenomenon is an increase in the variability of indicated engine torque at a given engine operating point. Automotive control problems dealing wit...

The measurement of the torque-speed curve is usually done by fixing the cell to a glass slide and tethering a polystyrene bead to the flagellar hook. An optical trap monitor the rotational speed of the bead and the motor torque is calculated from τ = (ξL + ξR)ω ≈ ξLω, where ξR is the drag coefficient due to the internal friction in the motor, ξL is the bead drag coefficient, and ω is the angula...

This study measured the screw joint preload of the implant-abutment interface for 7 common hex-top abutment systems. Increasingly, prosthetic designs are utilizing a direct prosthetic connection to the implant, placing the implant-abutment screw joint under direct functional loads and moments. Sufficiently high screw joint preloads are required to maintain screw joint integrity and confer clini...

The configuration of a marine propulsion system is selected with regard to the maximum power resulting from its maximum design speed and displacement. The propulsion systems of high speed vessels use three or even four propellers, and each propulsion unit may be multi-engine. High speed vessels are designed for maximum speeds, but their factual exploitation speed parameters are usually consider...

The migration of a planet through a gaseous disc causes the locations of their resonant interactions to drift and can alter the torques exerted between the planet and the disc. We analyse the time-dependent dynamics of a non-coorbital corotation resonance under these circumstances. The ratio of the resonant torque in a steady state to the value given by Goldreich & Tremaine (1979) depends essen...