Topology control is one of the main techniques that can be used to decrease energy expenditure and/or interference in wireless sensor networks. Less attention, however, has been devoted to algorithms that address energy and interference efficiency together. In this paper, we describe a localized topology control algorithm called TCO which is very efficient in terms of interference while minimiz...

The overall aim of this study is to empirically investigate the cost structure of a management agreement type agri-environmental instrument and to identify factors for cost variation over space and time. We control for the actual level of compliance by using compliance weighted average scheme cost ratios. Beside technological and economic performance measures, we also incorporate risk proxies. ...

Advertisers compete in a market for horizontally differentiated products. Consumers are reached by unsolicited ads while surfing on the internet. Search is passive and searching through ads has no cost because consumers are online to enjoy some content. Delaying a purchase however involves some cost because future surplus is discounted. Clicking on an ad is costly and provides perfect informati...

Despite the positive effect electricity grids separated from generation and supply by ownership are expected to have on the level of competition in the non-network activities, several EU member states still adhere to a solely legally unbundled transmission grid. This choice might be induced by regulators focusing on objectives other than the promotion of consumer interests: theoretically analyz...

Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:867–73. As the number of younger and more active patients treated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) continues to increase, consideration of better fixation as a means of improving implant longevity is required. Cemented TKA remains the reference standard with the largest body of evidence and the longest follow-up to support its use. However, cementless TKA, may offer the...

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Mit dem zunehmenden Einsatz von E-Learning-Plattformen rücken verstärkt Wirtschaftlichkeitsaspekte in den Betrachtungsmittelpunkt, die Methoden zur Ermittlung systembedingter Servicekosten voraussetzen. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine dienstorientierte Adaption des TCO-Modells in Form der Total Cost of Services (TCS) vorgeschlagen. Zur administrativen Unterstützung von Lehrund Lernprozessen werden Le...

Article history: Received 16 August 2016 Received in revised form 17 October 2016 Accepted 21 November 2016 Available online xxxx Condominium neighbourhoods are emerging in intensifying city centres as a response to market and demographic preferences for homeownership.While themulti-ownership structure of individual condominiumbuildings accommodates a short-term demand, the long-term implicatio...

The risks and benefits associated with a given fishery-management measure, such as choice of a total allowable catch (TAC), depend on how future measures are to be chosen. It is therefore more appropriate to assess the risks and benefits of procedures or algorithms for determining management actions rather than those of single actions. The properties of a management algorithm can be explored by...

The cost of private or recreational ̄ying is high for most conventional aircraft types. During the last 25 years, however, an alternative has become available in the form of the microlight aircraft. It has a relatively low cost of ownership and has opened up ̄ying to a greater audience. However, there have been a number of accidents, usually fatal, to this class of aircraft, which could not be ...