the conceptualization of total economic value (tev) associated with protected natural areasnecessarily requires an analytical reordering that ensures a simultaneous incorporation of natural, social andeconomic components. based on this purpose, the present paper uses a multi-criteria decision modeling forthe economic valuation of environmental goods and services (egs) in the viñales national pa...

A set of methods are presented for the global survey of natural gas flaring using data collected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NASA/NOAA Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The accuracy of the flared gas volume estimates is rated at ̆9.5%. VIIRS is particularly well suited for detecting and measuring the radia...

Effects of treating corn and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with a multicarbohydrase alone or in combination with a protease on porcine in vitro fermentation characteristics and the matrix structure of the DGGS before and after the fermentation were studied. Three DDGS samples (wheat DDGS sample 1 [wDDGS1], wheat DDGS sample 2 [wDDGS2], and corn DDGS [cDDGS]) were predigeste...

the request for natural gas attention to its adaption with environment and less pollution than the other fossil fuels has the highest growth in last decades. in result this energy has high geopolitical importance. iran with has about 2.18 percent of total world reserves, the largest in the world. but couldn't played important role in the natural gas geopolitics and even it hasn't in b...

As part of the DOE-sponsored liquid phase methanol process development program (Contract No. DE-ACZZ-87PC90005), the present study (Task 3.8) evaluated adsorptive schemes to remove catalyst poisons from coal gas at pilot scale. In addition to a lab test with coal gas from Coolwater. two field tests were performed at Great Plains with live coal gas. In the lab test with Coolwater gas, iron carbo...

Gene expression programming (GEP) is, like genetic algorithms (GAs) and genetic programming (GP), a genetic algorithm as it uses populations of individuals, selects them according to fitness, and introduces genetic variation using one or more genetic operators [1]. The fundamental difference between the three algorithms resides in the nature of the individuals: in GAs the individuals are linear...

Production of biodiesel together with wastewater treatment and CO 2 sequestration is a promising technology. The growing levels carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increase amount dissolved natural watercourses, triggering concentrations bicarbonate hydrogen ions while dropping those carbonate hydroxyl ions. active cycling coastal areas, which can result periodic daily fluctuations pH that may sur...

â understanding the flow behaviour in a gas well is crucial for future production strategies, obtaining bottomhole conditions from wellhead production data, analyzing production data and estimating reservoir properties. in this work, the pressure profile and flow regime are studied on four wells of a multi-well, multi-layer gas-condensate reservoir, producing at high rate. the wells are deviate...

Effects of 3 ionophores and 2 antibiotics on in vitro H(2)S production, IVDMD, total gas production, and VFA profile with or without added S were examined. In Exp. 1, ruminal fluid from 2 ruminally cannulated steers fed a steam-flaked corn-based diet (75% concentrate) without ionophore and antibiotics for 28 d before collection was used to inoculate in vitro cultures. Treatments were control (n...

Cyber attacks affect not only online profiles, bank accounts, and medical health records but also physical infrastructure including oil and gas, the power grid, nuclear, and water treatment plants. A stable energy supply is essential for economic prosperity. According to US Department of Homeland Security [12], approximately 22% of electricity is produced by natural gas combustion. A recent cyb...