We propose three enhancements to the treeto-string (TTS) transducer for machine translation: first-level expansion-based normalization for TTS templates, a syntactic alignment framework integrating the insertion of unaligned target words, and subtree-based ngram model addressing the tree decomposition probability. Empirical results show that these methods improve the performance of a TTS transd...

The design of a photoelectric transducer to monitor movement, velocity and acceleration of the wall of an electrodynamically swollen tube is presented in the paper. The linearly static characteristic of the transducer, with a constant modulus value of spectral transmittance over a wide range of frequencies and its non-reactance to quicklychanging magnetic fields characterise the wide-ranging us...

The received electrical signal from a pulse-echo system insonifying a planar acoustical interface was measured for varying degrees of rms roughness (0 0.16 mm), angle of incidence (typically +/-7 ̊) and range to the transducer. A planar and a focused 5 MHz transducer was used. When insonifying a smooth interface, the normalized spectrum of the received signals for a planar transducer exhibits an...

Transducers for ultrasonic sensing and measurement are often operated with a short burst signal, example few cycles at specific excitation voltage frequency on the generating transducer. The vibration response of narrowband transducer in detection is usually dominated by resonant ringing, severely affecting its ability to detect two or more signals arriving receiver similar times. Prior researc...

The equivalent circuit simulation plays an important role in the design of ultrasound transducer. However, existing methods are difficult to achieve effect matching and backing layer, not able accurately simulate transducer with cable. Especially application high frequency ultrasound, long cable has a great influence on performance To overcome these limitations, this paper proposed improved met...

The proposed technology aims to enable 3D localization of scatterers using single element ultrasonic transducers, which are traditionally limited 1D measurements. This is achieved by designing a bespoke acoustic lens with spiral-shaped pattern similar the human outer ear, shape that has evolved for sound source localization. breaks surface symmetry transducer, allowing waves arriving from diffe...

This contribution is aimed at presenting a computational method for assessment and prediction of mechanical property changes in soft tissue, in order to diagnose certain pathologies. This diagnostic technology is based on two components: a custom designed piezoelectric transducer that transmits and receives torsion ultrasound, and a model-based inverse problem that simulates using finite elemen...

An approach for acquiring dimensionally accurate 3D ultrasound data, based on a modified 1D transducer array, is presented. The method avoids many of the drawbacks of conventional approaches to 3D ultrasound data acquisition. Scanning is simple and easy to perform in a clinical setting. A modified 1D transducer array is employed comprising a central conventional 1D ‘Imaging’ array and two perpe...

Due to the small aperture of blood vessel, a considerable disadvantage to current intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging transducers is that their lateral imaging resolution is much lower than their axial resolution. To solve this problem, a single-element, 50 MHz, 0.6 mm diameter IVUS transducer with a geometric focus at 3 mm was proposed in this paper. The focusing transducer was based on a ...

in a number of NDE applications. Recent development Ultrasonic Lamb wave techniques are widely used in dry contact Lamb wave transducers enables one to efficiently excite Lamb waves without the aid of liquid couplant. However. i n order to perform thickness measurement i n a plate-like structures. the transducer to accuracy. which places strict mechanical requirements transducer distance has to...