Transformers are one of the most critical and essential components of electricity transmission and distribution. The life of a transformer is determined by the life of its paper insulation and transformer oil. To maximize the lifetime and efficiency of transformers, it is essential to be aware of possible faults that may occur and to know how to prevent them. One of the major faults in transfor...

Transformers are normally designed and built for use at rated frequency and perfect sinusoidal load current. A non-linear load on a transformer leads to harmonic power losses which cause increased operational costs and additional heating in power system components. It leads to higher losses, early fatigue of insulation, premature failure and reduction of the useful life of the transformer. To p...

An audio transformer is used in a guitar amplifier to match the impedances of the power amplifier and a loudspeaker. It is important to understand the influence of the audio transformer on the overall sound quality for realistic tube amplifier emulation. This paper proposes to simulate the audio transformer using a wave digital filter model, which is based on the gyrator-capacitor analogy. The ...

Overvoltage distribution along the transformer winding must be uniform to certify the safety of the operation of the power transformer. Influence of the parameters variation on the impulse voltage distribution (IVD) in disk winding transformer is going to be analyzed which hasn’t been analyzed on this type of winding in the previous papers. In this research, a transformer with disk winding and ...

Reliability of a power system is considerably influenced by its equipments. Power transformers are one of the most critical and expensive equipments of a power system and their proper functions are vital for the substations and utilities. Therefore, reliability model of power transformer is very important in the risk assessment of the engineering systems. This model shows the characteristic...

A bond graph model of an electrical transformer including the nonlinear saturation is presented. A nonlinear observer for the transformer based on multivariable circle criterion in the physical domain is proposed. In order to show the saturation and hysteresis effects on the electrical transformer, simulation results are obtained. Finally, the paper describes that convergence of the estimates t...

Transformer fault diagnosis and repair is a complex task that includes many possible types of faults and demands special trained personnel. Moreover, the minimization of the time needed for transformer fault diagnosis and repair is an important task for electric utilities, especially in cases where the continuity of supply is crucial. In this paper, Stochastic Petri Nets are used for the simula...