The problem of expert opinions representation and aggregation has long been adressed in the only framework of probability theory. Nevertheless, recent years have witnessed many proposals in other uncertainty theories (possibility theory, evidence theory, imprecise probabilities). This paper casts the problem of aggregating expert opinions in a common underlying framework and shows how uncertain...

Possibilistic conditional independence is in­ vestigated : we propose a definition of this notion similar to the one used in probability theory. The links between independence and no-interactivity are investigated, and proper­ ties of these relations are given. The influ­ ence of the conjunction used to define a con­ ditional measure of possibility is also high­ lighted : we examine three types...

Recently, it has been emphasized that the possibility theory framework allows us to dis­ tinguish between i) what is possible because it is not ruled out by the available knowledge, and ii) what is possible for sure. This distinc­ tion may be useful when representing knowl­ edge, for modelling values which are not im­ possible because they are consistent with the available knowledge on the one ...

Causal theories of perception typically have problems in explaining deviant causal chains. They also have difficulty with other unusual putative cases of perception involving prosthetic aids, defective perception, scientifically extended cases of perception, and so on. But I show how a more adequate reflexive causal theory, in which objects or properties X cause a perceiver to acquire X-related...

In “standard” probability theory, one lists all events that are logically possible, and then places a normalized measure over them. This scheme is rather dry. It may happen that the list of possible events is encoded through logical sentences, and one must employ logical reasoning to determine which events are included in probabilistic assessments. It may also happen that probabilistic assessme...

Accepting truth-value realism can seem to raise an explanatory problem: what can explain our accuracy about mathematics, i.e., the match between human psychology and objective mathematical facts? A range of current truth-value realist philosophies of mathematics allow one to reduce this access problem to a problem of explaining our accuracy about which mathematical practices are coherent – in a...

In possibility theory, the degree of inconsistency is commonly used to measure the level of conflict in information from multiple sources after merging, especially conjunctive merging. However, as shown in [HL05,Liu06b], this measure alone is not enough when pairs of uncertain information have the same degree of inconsistency, since it is not possible to tell which pair contains information tha...

The problem of assessing the value of a can­ didate is viewed here as a multiple combi­ nation problem. On the one hand a candi­ date can be evaluated according to different criteria, and on the other hand several ex­ perts are supposed to assess the value of can­ didates according to each criterion. Criteria are not equally important, experts are not equally competent or reliable. Moreover lev...

Emerging infection outbreaks have a deteriorating effect for the blood supply by limiting resources and compromising safety of transfusion products. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which leads to self-limited upper disease emerged from China turned into pandemic in January 2020. Symptomatic, asymptomatic recuperative patients can be reservoirs transmission but t...

Objectives: To compare intraoperative patterns among patients based on their primary pulmonary disease (cystic fibrosis [CF], chronic obstructive [COPD]/emphysema [CE], and [PF]) during double- lung transplantation. The following 3 major outcomes were reported: blood transfusion, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) management, the possibility of immediate extubation at end surgery. Desig...