The vulnerability of oligodendrocytes after cerebral ischemia still remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the response of oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus after transient global ischemia. Bilateral common carotid artery BCCA occlusion for 5 min was carried out in gerbils and brain sections obtained from gerbils 4 days, 2 weeks and 2 months after BCCA occlusion were used t...

PURPOSE To identify the expression of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan decorin in retina and to elucidate its changes during development and ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS Expression of decorin in rat retina was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Distributional changes during development and transient ischemia in model ey...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To clarify the relationship between apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE/Ref-1), a multifunctional protein in the DNA base excision repair pathway, and delayed neuronal cell death associated with apoptosis, we examined the expression of APE/Ref-1 before and after transient global ischemia in rats. METHODS Global ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery...

The significance of apoptosis in focal ischemia was investigated in the spatial and temporal profiles of apoptotic cells caused by permanent and transient focal ischemia induced in male Wistar rats by intraluminal vascular occlusion. Animals were sacrificed at various times and coronal sections of the brain at the level of the optic chiasm were examined histologically by terminal deoxynucleotid...

The objectives of the present study are to investigate the activation of mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling after cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats and to examine the neuroprotective effects of rapamycin. Ten minutes transient global cerebral ischemia was induced in straptozotocin-induced diabetic hyperglycemic rats and non-diabetic, euglycemic rats. Brain samples were harvested after 16 h of reperfusi...

The oxidation of adrenaline to adrenochrome has been shown to reflect the activation of leukocytes in vivo. We tested the in vivo activation of leukocytes by measuring plasma oxidation of adrenaline to adrenochrome in patients suffering from cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attacks and in healthy subjects. Patients with cerebral ischemia and cerebral hemorrhage had...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Activation of NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors is implicated in cell damage induced by ischemia as well as for the establishment of ischemic tolerance after ischemic preconditioning in animal models. We investigated the contributions of NR2A- and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors to ischemic cell death and ischemic tolerance in a rat model of transient global ischemia. ...

PURPOSE Infiltrating leukocytes have long been widely thought to be key mediators of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recently, however, evidence suggests that platelets accumulating in postischemic tissues also contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury because of their inflammatory properties and promotion of formation of thrombi. This study was designed to evaluate quantitatively the inhibitory e...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Retinal ischemia is a major cause of visual impairment and is associated with a high risk of subsequent ischemic stroke. The retina and its projections are easily accessible for experimental procedures and functional evaluation. We created and characterized a mouse model of global and transient retinal ischemia and provide a comprehensive chronologic profile of some genes...

Mechanical stretch has been demonstrated to have electrophysiological effects on cardiac muscle, including alteration of the probability of excitation, alteration of the action potential waveform, and stretch-induced arrhythmia (SIA). We demonstrate that regional ventricular ischemia due to coronary artery occlusion increases arrhythmogenic effects of transient diastolic stretch, whereas global...