........................................................................................................................ 3 1 PREAMBLE.................................................................................................................. 4 2 AIM OF THE STUDY.................................................................................................. 4 3 NEED FOR THE STUDY...........

Older adults are an important part of the world’s population. Many researchers have worked on walking as a mode transport and measuring access. However, considering older (aged 65 over) walk time, population, pedestrians’ safety to measure accessibility has not been widely discussed. This study proposes two Walking Accessibility Index (OWAI1 OWAI2) access levels for around neighbourhoods. The i...

AIMS To evaluate the effect of site specific advice from a school travel coordinator on school travel patterns. METHODS Cluster randomised controlled trial of children attending 21 primary schools in the London boroughs of Camden and Islington. A post-intervention survey measured the proportion of children walking, cycling, or using public transport for travel to school, and the proportion of...

In this study, we performed a conceptual modeling on solute transport based on theoretical stream tube model (STM) with various travel time distributions assuming a pure convective flow through each tube in order to investigate how the lengths and distributions of solute travel time through STM affect the breakthrough curves at the end mixing surface. The conceptual modeling revealed that 1) th...

BACKGROUND Travel to school may offer a convenient way to increase physical activity levels in childhood. We examined the association between method of travel to school and physical activity levels in urban multi-ethnic children. METHODS AND FINDINGS 2035 children (aged 9-10 years in 2006-7) provided data on their usual method of travel to school and wore an Actigraph-GT1M activity monitor du...

This chapter investigates current mobility trends and their implications for sustainability. It discusses factors that affect transport demands (the amount and type of travel that people would choose in a particular situation) and how demographic and economic trends affect these demands. During most of the last century, motor vehicle travel grew steadily in most developed countries. During this...

An urban passenger transportation problem is studied. Municipal authorities and passengers are regarded as participants in the passenger transportation system. The municipal authorities have to optimise road width and public transport frequency. The road consists of a dedicated bus lane and lanes for passenger cars. The car travel time depends on the number of road lanes and passengers’ choice ...

Land managers of natural areas are under pressure to balance demands for increased recreation access with protection of the natural resource. Unintended dispersal of seeds by visitors to natural areas has high potential for weedy plant invasions, with initial seed attachment an important step in the dispersal process. Although walking and mountain biking are popular nature-based recreation acti...