We investigated the airway responses evoked by nasal wood smoke in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Wood smoke (5 ml, 1.4 ml/s) was delivered into an isolated nasal cavity while animals breathed spontaneously. In study 1, nasal wood smoke triggered either an apneic response (n = 26) or a sniff-like response (n = 16) within 1 s after smoke exposure in 42 normal rats. Both airway responses were ...

A novel wood-based composite has been developed for use in structural applications. The process was designed to utilize rapidly-grown, low density, wood species. Plantation grown radiata pine is particularly well suited to this process. This is a laminated composite, where the lamina may be comprised of various materials, some of which have been treated with the viscoelastic thermal compression...

The influence of ultrasonic pretreatment prior to vacuum drying of Chinese fir specimens was examined in this work. In the pretreatments, wood samples were immerged in a distilled water bath and were treated using two wave frequencies for four different elapsed times to investigate effects of ultrasonic frequency and treatment duration. Then the wood samples were vacuum-dried at 80°C and absolu...

Treatment of wood with various physical and chemical factors can change the number parameters, which also lead to changes in resistance wood-destroying fungi. This study evaluates effects hydrothermal treatments (additives Fe2O3 or FeCl3 without commercial tannins, additives fresh wood) on decay mould fungi modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Douglas fir (Pseudo...

Wood fly ash is an industrial by-product of the combustion of different wood materials and is mostly disposed of as waste on landfills. In our preliminary experiments, wood ash exhibited antibacterial activity against urban wastewater bacteria and we focused on wood fly ash as a potential substrate for wastewater disinfection. The addition of ash at a concentration of 10 g L⁻¹ (1%) caused an in...

Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated wood has been used extensively in outdoor applications, ranging from fence posts to decking and wood foundations. CCA treatment provides long-term protection for wood because chemical reactions that take place during treatment fix the preservative elements in the wood. However, varying amounts of CCA have been reported to leach from the wood (Lebow 1996)....