The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on serum and membrane lipids in rats fed diets containing moderate levels of fats (6% by weight). Control rats received enough PUFA to prevent any deficiency. Experimental rats were fed linseed oil, salmon oil, or sunflower oil. After 8 weeks of feeding, fasting serum triacylglycerol and cholesterol l...

Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is known to mediate the hydrolysis not only of triacylglycerol stored in adipose tissue but also of cholesterol esters in the adrenals, ovaries, testes, and macrophages. To elucidate its precise role in the development of obesity and steroidogenesis, we generated HSL knockout mice by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mice homozygous for the mutant ...

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a long-standing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Its occurrence development are related to the pathophysiology of lipids including cholesteryl ester (CE), cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), phospholipid (PL). In this review, we focus on roles possible mechanisms different lipid subcomponents in process AS, provide new ideas for prevention, diagnosis treatment ...

The incidence of childhood obesity is rising dramatically throughout industrialised countries. To evaluate and study the impact of childhood obesity on lipoprotein metabolism, we developed a new animal model of premature obesity. Yucatan mini-pigs aged 4 months were studied over a 12-month period from childhood to adulthood. Animals were divided into two groups: the first group were overfed a W...

Triacylglycerol plays a critical role in an organism's ability to withstand fuel deprivation, and dysregulation of triacylglycerol synthesis is important in the development of diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) catalyzes the initial and committed step of glycerolipid synthesis and is therefore a potential site for regulation of triacylglycerol syn...

The concentration of diacylglycerols in rat liver was measured by a newly developed procedure that entailed a) freeze-clamping of the liver in situ, b) lipid extraction with dimyristoylglycerol as an internal standard, c) thin-layer chromatography, and d) gas-liquid chromatography. Molecular species of diacylglycerol and total diacylglycerols were quantified. The average level of diacylglycerol...

Antioxidant vitamins have been reported to be associated with an improvement in blood lipid profiles, but results are not consistent. The present study was designed to determine whether long-term vitamin C supplementation could alter serum lipid concentrations in subjects who completed a 5-year population-based double-blind intervention trial. A total of 439 Japanese subjects with atrophic gast...

1. The precise effects of insulin, dexamethasone and lipogenic precursors on the secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and triacylglycerol were dependent on the age of the culture and the duration of treatment. 2. The rates of secretion of triacylglycerol and cholesterol gradually declined with the age of the culture, although there was no detectable decrease within a giv...

Dietary n-3 fatty acids (FAs) reduce postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations in humans by unknown mechanisms. Our goals were to reproduce this phenomenon in the rat, and then to determine the mechanism. In an oral fat tolerance study two groups of rats were fed diets containing 2.1% ethyl esters of n-3 FA or olive oil for 2 weeks. After gavaging with emulsified soybean oil, the postprandial...