We study the power of polynomial-time truthful mechanisms comparing to polynomial time (non-truthful) algorithms. We show that there is a setting in which deterministic polynomialtime truthful mechanisms cannot guarantee a bounded approximation ratio, but a non-truthful FPTAS exists. We also show that in the same setting there is a universally truthful randomized mechanism that provides an appr...

We present an analytic study on the language of news media in the context of political fact-checking and fake news detection. We compare the language of real news with that of satire, hoaxes, and propaganda to find linguistic characteristics of untrustworthy text. To probe the feasibility of automatic political fact-checking, we also present a case study based on PolitiFact.com using their fact...

Access to private information is shown to generate both the incentives and the ability to manipulate asset markets through strategically distorted announcements. The fact that privileged information is noisy interferes with the public's attempts to learn whether such announcements are honest; it allows opportunistic individuals to manipulate prices repeatedly, without ever being fully found out...

This research examines the impact of computermediated communication, distributed communication, and knowledge of prior baseline behavior on an individual’s propensity to make veracity judgments. This study found that more detection confidence can come from knowledge of a person’s prior baseline behavior, being proximally located, the type of communication media used, and perceived relational cl...

In this paper the possibility of human mind modeling is discussed. According the recent knowledge from cognitive and neurology sciences we inspect the human brain principles. Position of natural language (NL) is outlined alongside its connection with human senses. As a result the Theory of three layers (TTL) is introduced. Arguments from the Incompleteness theory are used to support its own tru...

Market mechanisms play a key role in allocating and pricing commuters and drivers in new on-demand transport services such as Uber, and Liftago in Prague. These services successfully use different mechanisms, which suggests a need to understand the behavior of a range of mechanisms within the context of on-demand transport. In this paper, we propose a double auction mechanism and compare its pe...

We propose a framework for answering the question of whether statements made by an agent can be believed, in light of observations made over time. The basic components of the framework are a formalism for reasoning about actions, changes, and observations and a formalism for default reasoning. The framework is suitable for concrete implementation, e.g., using answer set programming for assertin...

Existing computational trust systems analyze information networks to determine the “trustworthiness” of the nodes, but the scalar values they produce are both opaque and semantically variable, and knowing only that the trustworthiness of a website is “27” is not helpful to the user. Moreover, the simplistic means by which they are typically calculated can yield misleading results, sometimes dra...

The professional norms of good journalism include in particular the following: truthfulness, objectivity, neutrality and detachment. For Public Relations these norms are at best irrelevant. The only thing that matters is success. And this success is measured in terms ofachieving specific communication aims which are "externally defined by a client, host organization or particular groups ofstake...