In the process of tunnel construction, water inrush disaster is one main engineering geological disasters. karst strata, different types water-bearing structures or bodies develop and occur in soluble rock layer, excavation easily forms new drainage channels, resulting tunnel. Based on project Huali Highway Banyanzi Tunnel, this paper studies characteristics, mechanism, treatment measures Accor...

The report describes the results of traverses of the boundary-layer and wake encountered in a small supersonic tunnel at a Mach number of 2.5. The tunnel was arranged with two throats in parallel formed by two shaped walls enclosing a shaped central element. Both the laminar and turbulent boundary-layers were encountered and compared with existing experimental and theoretical results. The frict...

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand boundary layer separation control on airfoils. The objective of this research was to better implement flow control strategies with single dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma actuator designs for airfoils that exhibit both leading and trailing edge stall characteristics at realistic flight speeds and Reynolds numbers. The NASA energy ef...

A computer code has been developed that uses an implicit nitedi erence technique to solve nonsimilar, axisymmetric boundary layer equations for both laminar and turbulent ow. The code can treat ideal gases, air in chemical equilibrium, and carbon tetra uoride (CF4), which is a useful test gas for hypersonic blunt-body simulations. This is the only known boundary layer code that can treat CF4. C...

In this paper, a remote O2 ion source is used for the formation of nano-oxide layers. The oxidation efficiency was measured in CoFe-oxide films, and a decrease of the oxide layer with the pan angle and the oxidation pressure is observed. For the same oxidation pressure, the oxidation efficiency depends on the O2 content in the Ar–O2 plasma. These results were applied in optimizing the fabricati...

Gate tunneling current in fully depleted, double-gate (DG) silicon-on-insultor (SOI) MOSFETs is characterized based on quantummechanical principles. The gate tunneling current for symmetrical DG SOI with ground-plane ( =1.5 nm and =5 nm) is shown to be higher relative to single-gate (bulk) MOS structure. The tunneling is enhanced as the silicon layer becomes thinner since the thinner silicon la...

Network Address Translation (NAT) and Realm Specific IP (RSIP) were proposed to extend the lifetime of IPv4 architecture. However; NAT and RSIP do not have the ability to communicate with multi-layer private networks. This paper proposes an enhanced framework of multi-layer RealmSpecific IP (MRSIP) that not only inherences all the benejit of RSIP but also provides both end-to-end transparentacc...

A second-mode stability analysis has been performed for a hypersonic boundary layer on a wall covered by a porous coating with equally spaced cylindrical blind microholes. Massive reduction of the second mode ampliŽ cation is found to be due to the disturbance energy absorption by the porous layer. This stabilization effect was demonstrated by experiments recently conducted on a sharp cone in t...

A computer code has been developed that uses an implicit nitedi erence technique to solve nonsimilar, axisymmetric boundary layer equations for both laminar and turbulent ow. The code can treat ideal gases, air in chemical equilibrium, and carbon tetra uoride (CF4), which is a useful test gas for hypersonic blunt-body simulations. This is the only known boundary layer code that can treat CF4. C...

The EtherIP protocol is used to tunnel Ethernet [DIX] and IEEE 802.3 [CSMA/CD] media access control (MAC) frames (including IEEE 802.1Q [VLAN] datagrams) across an IP internet. Tunneling is usually performed when the layer three protocol carried in the MAC frames is not IP or when encryption obscures the layer three protocol control information needed for routing. EtherIP may be implemented in ...