It is well established that the death of one fetus in a monochorionic twin pregnancy places the surviving twin at significant risk for neuro-developmental delay or death. Although the early 1st trimester "vanishing twin" has not traditionally been considered a major risk, the precise gestational threshold beyond which a surviving twin is at risk remains uncertain. Most experts recommend serial ...

Twin reverse arterial perfusion sequence occurs in approximately one percent of monochorionic twins. This condition is always fatal for the recipient twin and carries a high mortality rate for the pump twin. Various treatment options are described, but management is continually evolving with the publication of new data. We report an acardiac acephalic monochorionic twin who was diagnosed at 31 ...

About 30% of monochorionic twin pregnancies are complicated by twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), isolated discordant growth, twin anemia-polycythemia sequence, congenital defects or intrauterine demise. About 15% will be eligible for invasive fetal therapy, either fetoscopic laser treatment for TTTS or fetoscopic or ultrasound-guided umbilical cord coagulation for a severe congenital de...

Deformation twins have been reported to produce high strength and ductility. Intersections of deformation twins may affect the microstructural evolution during plastic deformation and consequently influence mechanical properties. However, the mechanisms governing twin-intersection behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated twin intersection mechanisms by observing twin tr...

To date ten sets of monozygotic twins with neuroblastoma have been reported in the literature. Twin-to-twin in utero metastasis have been proposed as the mechanism of tumor development in the second twin; based on similar pathology, presence of metastatic disease, absence of a primary tumor, and/or later presentation in the second twin. Hereditary neuroblastoma has not been described in this co...

(1) Is content in the head? Oscar believes that water is wet. His twin on Twin Earth, which is just like Earth except that H2O is replaced by the superficially identical XYZ, does not. His thoughts concern not water but twin water: Oscar believe that water is wet, but Twin Oscar believes that twin water is wet. This suggests that what a subject believes is not wholly determined by the internal ...

Twin pregnancies are at higher risk for fetal mortality when compared with singleton pregnancies. Single fetal demise occurs in 3.7 – 6.8 % of all twin pregnancies and considerably increases the complication rate in the co-twin including fetal loss, premature delivery, and end-organ damage. In this review, we summarize the current information on the etiology of single twin demise, the pathophys...

Twin-reversed arterial perfusion sequence is a rare complication of monochorionic twin pregnancy in which an anomalous acardiac fetus is hemodynamically dependent on its structurally normal "pump" twin. Early diagnosis is essential for improving perinatal prognosis for the normal twin. In this case report we present a case of TRAP sequence with immense acardiac twin with favorable outcome, emph...

Valvular heart disease is a multifactorial disorder. Twin studies may help to better understand both genetic and environmental determinants contributing to the development of valve lesions. We describe the case of a 45-year-old female asymptomatic triplet with multiple valvular heart lesions, with a somewhat different pattern between the dizygotic twin pairs compared with the monozygotic twin p...