We present an alternative method for measuring ultrashort extreme-ultraviolet pulses that can be synchronized with an intense infrared pulse. The method, based on photoionization of a target atom by the extremeultraviolet pulse in the presence of the infrared pulse, has a potential accuracy of close to 1 fs and is susceptible to single-shot operation. It is demonstrated on harmonic 15 of a tita...

We propose a novel mode-locked fiber laser design that relies on attracting similariton solutions in fiber amplifiers with normal group-velocity dispersion and strong spectral filtering to compensate increased pulse duration and bandwidth. Stable high-energy, large-bandwidth pulses are obtained that can be linearly compressed, resulting in ultrashort pulses.

Laser wakefield accelerators can produce electric fields of order 10–100 GV/m, suitable for acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies. The wakefields are excited by a relativistically intense laser pulse propagating through a plasma and have a phase velocity determined by the group velocity of the light pulse. Two important effects that can limit the acceleration distance and hence the...

Ultrashort pulsed lasers continue to see expanded application in many technologies such as microelectronics and precision manufacturing. The extremely short time duration (picosecond to femtosecond time scales) of these laser pulses create extremely non-equilibrium conditions during the heating and ablation of target materials. The result is generally efficient machining with little to no heat ...

We demonstrate sub-picosecond holmium-doped fiber laser mode-locked with a broadband carbon nanotube saturable absorber. Ultrashort pulse operation has been obtained for the wavelength range of 2030 – 2100 nm with output power up to 60 mW and repetition rate of 15.7 MHz. In te n s it y, 1 0 d B /d iv 212

In the process of intense laser–matter interactions, transition dipole moment is a basic physical quantity at core, which directly related to internal structure solid and dominates optical properties in laser field. Therefore, reconstruction between energy bands extremely important for clarifying ultrafast dynamics carriers strong ultrashort pulse. this review, we introduce recent works reconst...

Closed analytical expressions for the probability of multiphoton ionization of atoms and ions by a time-varying electric field %(t) are obtained by the imaginary time method. These expressions apply for arbitrary values of the Keldysh parameter γ. The dependence of the ionization probability and the photoelectron momentum spectrum on the shape of an ultrashort laser pulse is considered. © 2001 ...

We summarize the problem of measuring an ultrashort laser pulse and describe in detail a technique that completely characterizes a pulse in time: frequency-resolved optical gating. Emphasis is placed on the choice of experimental beam geometry and the implementation of the iterative phase-retrieval algorithm that together yield an accurate measurement of the pulse time-dependent intensity and p...