Fire plays a key role in ecosystem dynamics worldwide, altering energy flows and species community structure and composition. However, the functional mechanisms underlying these effects are not well understood. Many ground-dwelling animal species can shelter themselves from exposure to heat and therefore rarely suffer direct mortality. However, fire-induced alterations to the environment may ch...

Forest fires are important contributors of C, N, and Hg to the atmosphere. In the fall of 2011, a large wildfire occurred in northern Minnesota and we were able to quickly access the area to sample the forest floor and mineral soil for C, N, and Hg pools. When compared with unburned reference soils, the mean loss of C resulting from fire in the forest floor and the upper 20 cm of mineral soil w...

The thought of burning run-of-the-mine coal in a 1000-Mw utility power plant is appalling. The results would be catastrophic. The furnace would have to be oversized; the unburned combustible loss would be high; the excess air required would be great, thus increasing the amount of flue gas to be cleaned; control of furnace conditions would be next to im­ possible; stack emissions would be excess...

The goal of this paper is to present new experimental results obtained during the study of the gas phase oxidation of ethyl-benzene, n-hexyl-benzene, ethyl-cyclohexane and n-butyl-cyclohexane which belongs to two molecule families present in diesel fuels: alkylbenzenes and alkylcyclohexanes. Experiments were carried out in a jet-stirred reactor over the temperature range 550–1100 K. The new res...

The production of oxygenated bio-additives for traditional fuels represents a key challenge due to their depletion in the near-future and positive contribution reduction environmental pollution. present study considers synthesis 1-hexanol/hexyl hexanoate mixtures, two Diesel produced through hydrogenation hexanoic acid, obtainable from fermentation wide variety waste biomasses. In our case, cru...

Cuticular hydrocarbons of arthropods serve multiple functions, including as barriers to water loss and as pheromones and pheromone precursors. In the oviparous German cockroach, Blattella germanica, long-chain hydrocarbons are produced by oenocytes within the abdominal integument and are transported by a blood lipoprotein, lipophorin, both to the cuticular surface and into vitellogenic oocytes....

Performance evaluation of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) and setting different emission standards has manifested the importance of pollution reduction as well as the optimal fuel consumption of these engines. Accordingly, the Engine Management Systems (EMS) are utilized which resulted in optimizing the power alongside the decrease in pollutant emission, through preparing the appropriate air...

The analysis of solid waste or incinerated residue for information regarding the chemical constituents involved the development and adoption of analytical methods. Methods were developed for the determination of nitro­ gen, carbon, hydrogen, protein, chemically decomposable organic and calorific values. The chemical composition of two types of residue and unburned solid waste was de­ termined u...