Managed care organizations (MCOs) may be incurring financial losses from persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PWHA). This study developed a statistical model to examine which specific comorbidities are important contributors to the variations in health care costs of PWHA. Individuals were classified into cost groups to simulate biased sel...

Within the economic order quantity (EOQ) framework, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the retailer’s optimal replenishment policy under permissible delay in payments. All previously published articles dealing with optimal order quantity with permissible delay in payments assumed that the supplier only offers the retailer fully permissible delay in payments if the retailer ordered...

background: health inequalitymonitoring especially in health care financing field is very important. hence, this study tends to assess the inequality in household's capacity to pay and out-of-pocket health carepaymentsin tehran metropolis. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed in 2013.thestudy population was selected by stratified cluster sampling, and they constitute the typical ho...

Beigel, Reingold and Spielman 2] showed that PP is closed under intersection and a variety of special cases of polynomial-time truth-table closure. We extend the techniques in 2] to show PP is closed under general polynomial-time truth-table reductions. We also show that PP is closed under constant-round truth-table reductions.

An accurate calculation of premium reserves will ensure that the insurance company can pay claims. Premium are funds collected by companies which difference between sum insured and value payments during period prepared for claim payments. There several methods calculating reserves, but focus this study Zillmer method Sufficiency method, extensions prospective method. This aims to compare two us...

Under the Social Security Act the public assistance for which Federal grants are made is defined as "money payments2 to or in behalf of needy persons. In accordance with the intent expressed by Congress in framing the law and with judicial definitions, the Social Security Board has interpreted money payments to mean that "payments must be in cash, checks, or warrants immediately redeemable at p...

Case rate payments combined with utilization monitoring may have the potential to improve the quality of care by reducing over and under-treatment. Thus, a national managed care organization introduced case rate payments at one multi-site radiation oncology provider while maintaining only fee-for-service payments at others. This study examined whether the introduction of the payment method had ...

In the past decade, there has been considerable interest in analysing and understanding the distribution of health system contributions across households (1–11). The fairness in financial contribution measure presented in The World Health Report 2000 (12) contributed to this heightened attention towards health system financing arrangements (9;13–19). Protecting households from excessively large...

This paper deals with the problem of determining the economic order quantity for exponentially deteriorating items under the conditions of permissible delay in payments. The delay in payments depends on the quantity ordered. When the order quantity is less than at which the delay in payments is permitted, the payment for the product must be made immediately. Otherwise, the 0xed trade credit per...