In this paper, a new approach for the dynamic reliability assessment of finite element modelled underground pipeline structures under earthquake excitations with uncertain parameters is proposed. The approach is established based on the thoughts of the newly developed probability density evolution method, which is capable of capturing the instantaneous probability density function (PDF) and its...

We developed a simple monetary model to study the effects of tax evasion on the optimal inflation tax. The model is constructed so that inflation might be an indirect way of taxing the underground sector of the economy. We show that while there are theoretical reasons for positive optimal inflation rates, the effects are quantitatively small, even in countries with large underground sectors. We...

To overcome the frequency-selective fading of ultra wide band (UWB) caused by the multi-path propagation in complicated environment of coal mines, an underground wireless communication system of UWB based on multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) for coal mine is presented. Independent angle impulse response is used to build up revised channel model for underground tunn...

Microbiological activity is a general term which includes all metabolic reactions and interactions of the soil microflora and macrofauna.1 Soil microorganisms contribute to soil fertility and aggregate formation in degraded soils.2 However, it is only during the last decades that ecologists have beginning to explore the underground communities and their functional significance for the plant com...

Incipient faults usually emerge from partial discharges which eventually cause insulation degradation between two insulated cable cores. Early detection of incipient faults is of particular importance because insulation defects caused by incipient faults may lead to permanent faults in underground distribution networks. This paper presents a novel approach using S-transform and support vector r...

leakage in water distribution networks causes waste of water and economical losses. in this paper a new method is presented to calculate nodal and pipes leakage in water distribution systems using capabilities of epanet2.10 software. the method estimate the total water losses in the system based on iwa methodology using minimum night flow (mnf) measurements. recognising the pressure dependency ...

Shield tunneling is widely used in urban subway tunnel construction. Old underground pipelines generally have small leakages that are difficult to find. The water leakage significantly reduces the stability of stratum, posing a threat safety shield Therefore, this study established 2D and 3D calculation models for analyzing law diffusion ground under pressure, influences pipeline range length o...

This research project attempts to understand the complex information interactions between musicians, promoters, and audience members who perform/promote/transform residential basements into underground music venues. The goals of this project are (1) to obtain an understanding of the informationseeking practices that enable social actors to participate in an underground music scene, (2) to ident...

This paper is based on the open pit to underground mining practice of Daye Iron Mine. The influence mechanism between high-steep slope and non-pillar sublevel caving method is studied by using physical model test. Firstly, engineering geological properties of the choosing typical research section is analysed and generalized. Secondly, the system of open pit to underground mining is developing a...