Opening Paragraph: Where do risk preferences come from? How do we decide if it is safe to eat unpasteurized cheese, whether to take up paragliding or mini-golf as a new hobby, whether to save in government bonds or place our money in a new technology hedge fund? Asking about the origin of risk preference in this general form requires two presuppositions, both of which may be challenged. The fir...

The interaction of Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain Sm3 and the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans was investigated in three separate greenhouse experiments with soils from southern British Columbia, Canada. The bacteria were applied to the roots of strawberry plants and planted in unpasteurized field soils, with natural or supplemented infestation of P. penetrans. Nematode suppression ...

Dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) are an important protein source for people in semi-arid and arid regions of Africa. In Kenya, camel populations have grown dramatically in the past few decades resulting in the potential for increased disease transmission between humans and camels. An estimated four million Kenyans drink unpasteurized camel milk, which poses a disease risk. We evaluated th...

The establishment ofHeterodera glycines race 3, from soil plugs infested with population densities ranging from 0 to 10 eggs and second-stage juveniles per 10 cm(3) soil, was compared in three soils (Haynie sandy loam, Eudora silt loam, and Chase silty clay loam) that were either pasteurized or unpasteurized. Final population densities of H. glycines in soil and on soybean (Glycine max cv. Will...

We report a series of four cases presented with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or ischemic stroke as the predominant manifestation of neurobrucellosis (NB). Three of the patients were 20-28 years of age, and one patient was 53 years old. They all used to consume unpasteurized milk or its products. Two patients had systemic brucellosis in the past and received antibiotic treatment. Other cause...

Brucellosis is a world-wide zoonosis and systemic disease affecting various organs. The causative organism is an intracellular proteobacteria gram-negative bacillus of the genus Brucella. Human brucellosis is a multi organ disease, transmitted via unpasteurized animal milk and cheese. A renewed scientific interest in human brucellosis has be enfueled by its recent reemergence [1,2]. Symptoms ar...

Despite control efforts, Mycobacterium bovis incidence among cattle remains high in parts of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, attracting political and public health interest in potential spread from animals to humans. To determine incidence among humans and to identify associated factors, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of human M. bovis cases in England, Wales, and Northern I...

In this report we describe a patient with sub-acute bacteremic brucellosis complicated by Brucella parotitis with abscess formation as a paradoxical reaction on therapy. A 69 years old male known to have Warthin’s tumor of parotid glands two years before his presentation. He presented with generalized ill-health, body-aches and feeling of further enlargement of his previous swellings at jaw ang...

Spinal epidural abscess, if especially caused by Brucellosis is a very rare disease which is usually a consequence of spondylodiscitis. The spinal column can be affected at any joint; however, the lumbar spine is the most common region, especially at the level of the L4-5 and L5-S1. The frequency of spinal involvement usually seen at the lumbar, thoracic and cervical spine respectively. As an o...