Cats after unilateral bulbar pyramid section showed permanent loss of tactile placing in the contralateral limbs. However, the cats could be trained to place the forelimb following light touch in a conditioning situation with food as a reward. This conditioned response survived subsequent unilateral red nucleus and cerebellar interposed nucleus lesions. Dorsal quadrant spinal cord lesion at the...

We present results on the analysis of background field stars found in HST WFPC2 observations of six of the old globular clusters of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Treated as contaminants by the globular cluster analysts, we produce V − I, V color-magnitude diagrams of the field stars and use them to explore the LMC’s star formation history. The photometry approaches V ∼ 26, well below the turnoff ...

abderaz formation is one of the upper cretaceous formations in the kopet-dagh sedimentary basin. a stratigraphic section from the mentioned formation is selected for detailed systematic description with regard to echinoids. numerous well preserved representatives of the families mircrasteridae wright, 1857 and echinocorythidae lambert, 1920 are described from the ghaleh-zoo stratigraphic sectio...

The corticospinal and the rubrospinal tracts are thought to synergistically contribute to the limb control during motor development. Williams et al. (J Neurosci 34: 4432-4441, 2014) demonstrate that the postnatal maturation of red nucleus motor map and the rubrospinal tract develops earlier than the corticospinal tract, to support early forelimb control. They have two distinct phases of maturat...

We used stimulus-triggered averaging (StTA) of electromyographic (EMG) activity to investigate two major questions concerning the functional organization of the magnocellular red nucleus (RNm) for reaching movements in the macaque monkey. The first is whether the clear preference toward facilitation of extensor muscles we have reported in previous studies for distal (wrist and digit) forelimb m...

Short pulses of red light induce in etiolated barley seedlings an enhanced synthesis of plastidic benzoquinones and vitamin K1, which can be reverted by subsequent irradiation with short pulses of far-red. As compared to the dark there is more formation of plastoquinone-9 than alpha-tocopherol. The enhanced formation of vitamin K1 is coupled with a concomitant decrease in the level of the secon...

The effects of uni- and bilateral lesions of the red nucleus on the ability to retrieve food with a forepaw from food wells of different shape were analyzed. Movements which required the use of distal muscles, e.g. retrieving food from narrow horizontal and vertical tubes, were more affected than movements primarily involving more proximal muscles. A decrease in the digital skill occurred durin...