Antibodies capable of neutralizing human influenza virus were present in the sera of old swine on two New Jersey institution farms, but absent from the sera of young swine on the same farms. The old animals had lived through the winter of 1936-37 in which outbreaks of upper respiratory tract disease were prevalent among the human inmates of the two institutions, while the young swine studied we...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have documented increases in infectious disease mortality and in the proportion of hospitalizations attributable to infectious diseases. To further evaluate trends in the burden of infectious diseases in the United States, we analyzed data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 1980 through 1996. OBJECTIVE To examine the epidemiology of and recent tren...

BACKGROUND Acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in low/middle-income countries. Using routine hospital data, we aimed to examine the spatial distribution, temporal trends and climatic risk factors of paediatric ARIs in Vietnam. METHODS Data from hospitalised paediatric (<16 years) patients with ARIs residing in Ho Chi Min...

Background. Lymphangioma is a rare venolymphatic lesion, characterized by dilation of lymphatic vessels. It may occur as an isolated lesion or, more often, represent the surface component of a deep orbital lymphangioma. Case. We report a case of a conjunctival lymphangioma on a 58-year-old male that had simultaneously an upper respiratory tract infection. Excision and biopsy confirmed the natur...

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a well-known group of viruses in veterinary medicine. We currently know four genera Coronavirus, alfa, beta, gamma, and delta. Wild, farmed, pet animals infected with CoVs belonging to all genera. Seven human respiratory coronaviruses have still been identified, which cause upper-respiratory-tract diseases, specifically, the common cold, last three that emerged severe a...

Scleroma is an endemic disease, spread mainly in Western Ukraine, Belarus and adjacent areas. refers to chronic diseases that aff ect the mucous membrane of upper respiratory tract. This clinical case attracted attention due rare diagnosis patient’s age (88 years), most di ffi cult localization process terms course, pronounced concentric funnel- shaped narrowing trachea 5-6 mm lumen for 4-5 cm lon...

BACKGROUND Episcleritis, though common in adults, is a rare disease in children. Episcleritis is associated with systemic diseases in a third of cases in adults. Here we describe systemic diseases associated with recurrent episcleritis in children less than five years of age. METHODS This Retrospective Observational case series study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of Ayub Te...

BACKGROUND Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are common. The etiologic factor is usually viral, but many physicians prescribe antibiotics. We aimed to evaluate parents' expectations of and knowledge about the role of antibiotics in childhood URTI. METHODS The study was conducted in thirteen primary care pediatric clinics. Parents of children aged 3 months to 6 years who attended with ...

Bradykinin and related kinins are peptidic hormones, formed in tissues and fluids during inflammation. Various functional sites have been proposed as mediators of the biological effects of kinins, including the B1, B2 and B3 receptors. The existence of the B1 and the B2 receptor has largely been confirmed, whilst that of the B3 receptor is controversial and needs further confirmation. The role ...

The family Picornaviridae comprises small non-enveloped viruses with RNA genomes of 6.7 to 10.1 kb, and contains >30 genera and >75 species. Most of the known picornaviruses infect mammals and birds, but some have also been detected in reptiles, amphibians and fish. Many picornaviruses are important human and veterinary pathogens and may cause diseases of the central nervous system, heart, live...