We examine the effect of an oligopolistic upstream electronic market on upstream and downstream prices. The analysis highlights the two sources of competition that a firm that source from an electronic market (e-market firm) face: competition with less efficient firms that source traditionally (t-market firms) and competition among e-market firms. When size of the upstream e-market is small, th...

The paper develops the argument that the long-term structural evolution of an industry depends on the evolution of a vertically-related, downstream industry. We analyse two pairs of vertically-related industries, the jet and turboprop aircraft and engine industries, since the first introduction of the jet and turboprop technologies to 1998. The paper shows that the evolutionary dynamics of the ...

The pursuit of lower cost, shorter time-to-market, and better quality has led to a shift toward global production in today’s competitive business environment. This shift, however, forces manufacturing enterprises to have separate design houses and manufacturing facilities. In general, design houses are located in the same regions as customers to enable them to respond to the rapidly changing de...

National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer. This paper describes two stylized alternative visions in popular currency of how the power system might evolve to meet future requirements for the high quality electricity service that modern digital economies demand, a supergrids paradigm and a dispersed paradigm. Some of the economics of the dispersed vision are explored, and perspectives ...

The paper develops the argument that the long-term structural evolution of an industry depends on the evolution of a vertically-related, downstream industry. We analyse two pairs of vertically-related industries, the jet and turboprop aircraft and engine industries, since the first introduction of the jet and turboprop technologies to 1998. The paper shows that the evolutionary dynamics of the ...

The central premise of this paper is that collaboration, and more specifically e-collaboration, plays a major role in achieving a sustainable competitive edge. In particular, we propose here to examine the relative efficiency of electronic collaboration (e-collaboration) tools and to assess the impacts of these tools on the innovativeness and performance of individual firms positioned along an ...

[1] Rings shed in the Agulhas Retroflection region play an important role in the global thermohaline circulation. The shedding of these rings has been considered very irregular. In this paper, we present evidence for remote control of the timing and frequency of the ring shedding events. This turns out to be a far more regular process, at a frequency of 4–5 cycles per year. The movement of the ...

The accuracy of an attribution model is limited by the assumptions of the model, and the quality and completeness of the data available to the model. Common digital attribution models on the market make a critical, yet hidden, assumption that ads only affect users by directly changing their propensity to convert. These models assume that ad exposure does not change user behavior in other ways, ...

this study was conducted to evaluate the morphological responses of two different species including capoeta gracilis and alburnoides eichwaldii due to construction of the tarik dam in the sefidrud river using geometric morphometric technique. for this purpose, a total of 80 specimens of c. gracilis and 60 specimens of a. eichwaldii were collected from upstream and down-stream of dam. the left s...

This paper analyzes the effect of competition among downstream Žrms on an upstream Žrm’s payoff and on its incentive to integrate vertically when Žrms in both segments negotiate optimal contracts. We argue that as downstream competition becomes more intense, the upstream Žrm obtains a larger share of a smaller downstream industry proŽt. The upstream Žrm may encourage downstream competition (eve...