TIROS photographs of cloud patterns in the vicinity of thc jet stream are examined and comparcd with surface, uppcr air, and pilot-report data. It is found that with certain conditions of lighting and satellite attitude the northern edge of the cirrus cloud shield, which lics immediately south of the jet, can be casily identified by a shadow cast by the higher cloud dcek on the lon-er underlyin...

An overexpanded jet in a truncated ideally contoured nozzle is found to feature tonal behavior. The flow field investigated understand its origin and show how it modifies side-load properties. temporal spatial organization of wall pressure velocity are first experimentally characterized based on synchronized acquisition both wall-pressure along rings probes located within the high-rate time-res...

Microjets arranged on the wing surfaces of civil transport aircraft have been shown to great potential in suppressing high-frequency gust loads. This paper presents a study aerodynamic load reduction supercritical airfoil using tilted microjets by solving Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The numerical method was first validated against experimental and previous data. Afterward,...

In this study, the missile staging process by implementing a side-injected jet is simulated numerically. The problem is considered to be axisymmetric and the thin shear layer approximation of Navier-Stokes equations along with an algebraic turbulence model is used in a quasi-static form for the calculations. The free stream corresponds to a very high altitude flight condition with a Mach number...

Using of nanofluids and ducts with corrugated walls are both supposed to enhance heat transfer, by increasing the heat transfer fluid conductivity and the heat transfer area respectively. Use of a diverging duct with a jet at inlet section may further increase heat transfer by creating recirculation zones inside the duct. In this work two-dimensional incompressible laminar flow of a nanofluid e...

An axisymmetric jet issued from a sharp edged circular convergent nozzle has been studied experimentally in the near field at Reynolds number 5.3x104  to search the saddle shape behavior of mean velocity and the role of mean static pressure in the jet flow. Due to the vena contracta effect the centerline mean velocity of the jet increases about 4.2% of its exit value and corresponding decrease ...

the effect of a combined system of the bed suction and jet injection as a pier-scour countermeasure on the turbulent flow field is studied in a laboratory flume using an acoustic doppler velocimeter (adv). the three components of the velocities in the vertical symmetry plane in the equilibrium scour hole in front and rear of the pier under 3-jet injections and bed suction rate qs/q0 = 2%located...

one of the most concerning issues for researchers is to predict the shape and dimensions of the scour pit nearhydraulic structures such as the base of bridges, weirs, valves and stilling basins due to both financial and humanhazards induced by destruction of the structure. as the scour issue has its own complexity in relation to themultiplicity of effecting factors on it, in this study therefor...

on account of some complexities such as fluid-structure interaction and extra-large deformation problems, complete simulation of abrasive water jet cutting process is very hard. the main goal of this paper is to overcome these difficulties through comprehensive simulation in ls-dyna commercial software. for this purpose the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (sph) and arbitrary lagrangian eulerian...