The prospect of socioeconomic mobility has long been a prominent concept in American life; however, research shown that economic inequality can weaken Americans’ beliefs the upward for poorer individuals their country. In one correlational study, two experimental studies, and an internal meta-analysis, we extend this work by demonstrating perceptions also influence about another form is necessa...

Electron beams narrowly collimated to the magnetic field line were observed continuously from a downward current region to an auroral acceleration region (i.e., upward current region). They were well correlated with lowfrequency electric field fluctuations in the auroral acceleration region as well as in the adjacent downward current region. Magnetic field fluctuations were found only in the do...

We present an efficient algorithm to reduce the size of nondeterministic tree automata, while retaining their language. It is based on new transition pruning techniques, and quotienting of the state space w.r.t. suitable equivalences. It uses criteria based on combinations of downward and upward simulation preorder on trees, and the more general downward and upward language inclusions. Since tr...

Purpose: Stationary observers often experience illusory self-motion (vection) when they are exposed to large patterns of optic flow. The effect of different temperatures on the strength of vection was investigated. Method: Eleven participants were exposed to visual stimuli that induced illusory motion (up, down) in three room temperatures (26 ̊C 27 ̊C, 21 ̊C 22 ̊C, 5 ̊C 6 ̊C). Participants rated (a) ...

If language comprehension requires a sensorimotor simulation, how can abstract language be comprehended? We show that preparation to respond in an upward or downward direction affects comprehension of the abstract quantifiers "more and more" and "less and less" as indexed by an N400-like component. Conversely, the semantic content of the sentence affects the motor potential measured immediately...

Social networking sites (SNS) provide opportunities for mood management through selective exposure. This study tested the prediction that negative mood fosters self-enhancing social comparisons to SNS profiles. Participants were induced into positive or negative moods and then browsed manipulated profiles on an experimental SNS. Profiles varied in a 2 2 within-subjects design along two dimensio...

We address the problem of computing simulation relations over tree automata. In particular, we consider downward and upward simulations on tree automata, which are, loosely speaking, analogous to forward and backward relations over word automata. We provide simple and efficient algorithms for computing these relations based on a reduction to the problem of computing simulations on labelled tran...