Transportation and its environmental impacts are a major component of urban environmental management. At the same time, transportation and mobility are an important part or urban economics and the quality of life. To analyse urban transportation and its environmental impacts, a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach is needed. No single model can cover the range of spatial and temporal scale...

one of the main challenges facing urban planning in the late 20th century is the growth rate of traffic that influences access to sustainable urban development. one of the solutions proposed for traffic—as well as the economic, social, and environmental problems originating from it—in large cities has been the applying of traffic restrictions during certain times and in specific places in order...

Urban transportation is a complex phenomenon. Since many agents are constantly interacting in parallel, it is difficult to predict the future state of a transportation system. Because of this, optimization techniques tend to give obsolete solutions, as the problem changes before it can be optimized. An alternative lies in seeking adaptive solutions. This adaptation can be achieved with self-org...

in many practical distribution networks, managers face significant uncertainties in demand, local price of building facilities, transportation cost, and macro and microeconomic parameters. this paper addresses design of distribution networks in a supply chain system which optimizes the performance of distribution networks subject to required service level. this service level, which is considere...

The exchange of information between vehicles is a challenging issue for future Transportation applications. In vehicular Ad-Hoc network, the vehicles are interconnected with each other and they have not any additional infrastructure along the roadside. Vehicular Ad-hoc networks are eminent from other types of Ad-hoc networks. The Ad-hoc network attributed to their features such as infrastructur...

After 1860’s the railway systems has started to be used in urban transportation in the world. However, especially after the 1950’s, automobile usage has been increased quickly. Thus the dense of transportation has started to move from railway systems to the ones with rubber tire vehicles in Istanbul. Traffic density in urban transportation has started to be experienced since 1950 with the incre...

Expanding public transportation is not enough to solve the urban sprawl problem resulted from an auto-orientation perspective. So urban planning experts paid attention to integrated and coordinated planning of urban development with public transportation, which reached to sustainable urban development. The purpose of this study is to review the researches in transit-oriented development (TOD) a...