At the time after the Second World War, endemic goiter was present in most parts of Croatia with a prevalence of more than 50% and presence of cretinism. In the village of Rude near Zagreb, goiter was detected in 85% of school children with 2.3% of cretins in the village population. In 1953 the first regulation on obligatory salt iodination, requiring 10 mg of potassium iodide (KI) per kg of sa...

Iodine is essential for normal development, and its deficiency can cause growth retardation and irreversible brain damage. Nowadays, the main source of iodine is iodised salt. However, in many countries discretional use of salt (cooking and table salt) is increasingly being replaced by salt from processed foods. This situation has raised concern about the risk of iodine inadequacy if the food i...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of universal salt iodization (USI) for the control of IDD in Hebei province since it was implemented in 1995, identify the problems currently encountered in the implementation of USI and provide practical proposals for addressing these problems. METHODS Probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS) was employed in the surveillance of IDD, for which a...

Iodine is one of the essential micro-elements required for normal human growth and development. Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) are an important public health problem in India. There has been no data on the prevalence of IDD from the Kottayam district, India and hence, the present pilot study was conducted in the year 1999 to assess whether iodine deficiency existed in the district or not and...

Urinary iodine concentrations were measured in 11,926 subjects who are participants in the Ukrainian-American Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases Following the Chornobyl Accident. Measurements were made in two time periods corresponding to the first and second thyroid screening cycles (1998-2000, 2001-2003). These time periods fall before and after initiation of a governme...

OBJECTIVES Hypothyroidism in utero leading to mental retardation is highly prevalent and recurrent in developing countries where iodine deficiency and thiocyanate overload are combined. So, to explore and identify human population's risks for developing iodine deficiency disorders and their endemicity in Western Cameroon, with the aim to prevent this deficiency and to fight again it, urinary io...

OBJECTIVE To describe the iodine nutrition of pregnant and lactating women in Hong Kong, where intake is of borderline sufficiency. DESIGN Review of cross-sectional and prospective studies. SETTING China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). SUBJECTS Pregnant and lactating women. RESULTS Studies of pregnant women in Hong Kong SAR have revealed an increase in the urinary iodine...

The Philippines is one of the countries where adequate iodine status has been achieved. However, iodine deficiency still remains an important public health problem in this country. In this study, we evaluated iodine nutrition status and investigated an awareness status of iodine deficiency targeting high school students of Tuguegarao, Philippines. A total of 260 students provided samples for ur...

A survey was conducted to monitor the current status of iodine deficiency disorders in children aged 6-12 years and women aged 15-44 years in Bangladesh as measured by goitre prevalence and urinary iodine excretion. Conducted between September 2004 and March 2005, the survey followed a stratified multistage cluster sampling design to provide nationally representative data, with self-weighted ru...

Purpose: Iodine deficiency, the most common cause of brain damage in children, remains a critical health problem in Kayseri, Central Anatolia. This study aimed to evaluate the iodine intake of breast-feeding mothers and their neonates and determine breast-milk iodine content after mandatory salt iodization in Kayseri. Material and Methods: For the study, a total of 70 breast-feeding mothers and...