background: due to difficulty of obtaining a 24h urine (especially in children), a random urine calcium sample is recommended to detect of hypercalciuria. however, recent studies have shown that the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio varies with age and geographic areas. so, the aim of this study was determining the normal value of urinary calcium to creatinine ratio in healthy adolescent’s child...

BACKGROUND Although nicotine dependence plays a role as a main barrier for smoking cessation, there is still a lack of solid evidence on the validity of biomarkers to determine nicotine dependence in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate whether urinary cotinine levels could reflect the severity of nicotine dependence in active smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data regarding genera...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the differences in urinary nephrin among controls, gravidas with preeclampsia (PE), and small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants. We also determined whether or not maternal urinary concentrations of nephrin are associated with the subsequent development of PE and SGA infants. METHODS We analyzed maternal urinary levels of nephrin in women ...

OBJECTIVE Urinary cytokine/chemokine levels are elevated in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibiting renal hyperfiltration. Whether this observation extends to adolescents with T1D remains unknown. Our first objective was to determine the relationship between hyperfiltration and urinary cytokines/chemokines in normotensive, normoalbuminuric adolescents with T1D using GFR(cystatin). Our seco...

OBJECTIVE To investigate fructose metabolic changes in patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Serum and urinary fructose concentrations were determined in healthy subjects (n = 23) and in nondiabetic (n = 23) and diabetic patients (n = 26). Fructose was measured using our newly developed method, and (13)C(6)-fructose was used as the internal standard. After adding sample to a fix...

Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-BNP (N-BNP) are highly sensitive markers of ventricular dysfunction and/or hypertrophy and, in established disease, offer prognostic value and may be useful for guidance of therapy. Ng and co-workers report in this issue of Clinical Science that urinary levels of N-BNP may be as useful as plasma levels for the discrimination of...

The influences of strain and diet on the promoting effects of sodium L-ascorbate (SA) on two-stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis was investigated in male F344 and Lewis rats. Two kinds of commercial basal diets, Oriental MF and Clea CA-1, were used. Rats were given 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in their drinking water for 4 weeks and then basal diet with 5% SA or without SA for 3...

We recently reported that urinary excretion rates of angiotensinogen provide a specific index of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system status in angiotensin II-dependent hypertensive rats. Angiotensinogen concentrations in mouse plasma are thought to be much lower than those in rat plasma; however, detailed information is deficient due to lack of direct quantitative measurements of rodent ang...

The objectives of this work were to examine the association between urinary protein and blood pressure and to compare the pattern of urinary protein excretion with essential hypertension in people of European origin (whites) and in people of African or African-Caribbean origin (blacks) living in southwest London, United Kingdom. In the groups as a whole, there were no significant differences in...