Two-dimensional electrophoresis has nurtured the birth of proteomics. It is however no longer the exclusive setup used in proteomics, with the development of shotgun proteomics techniques that appear more fancy and fashionable nowadays.Nevertheless, 2D gel-based proteomics still has valuable features, and sometimes unique ones, which make it often an attractive choice when a proteomics strategy...

introduction: aim was to study the influence of serum testosterone and urinary citrate on the formation of urinary stones in men and women, and to apply the findings for preventing urolithiasis. methods: we studied 200 patients (100 were men and 100 women) who had referred to the urology clinic at imam khomeini hospital and seda sima eswl center. in both groups, 50 were stone formers and 50 wer...

BACKGROUND Urine exosomes are small vesicles exocytosed into the urine by all renal epithelial cell types under normal physiologic and disease states. Urine exosomal proteins may mirror disease specific proteome perturbations in kidney injury. Analysis methodologies for the exosomal fraction of the urinary proteome were developed for comparing the urinary exosomal fraction versus unfractionated...

This review is intended to give readers a snapshot of current mass spectrometry for proteomics research. It covers a brief history of mass spectrometry proteomic research, peptidomics and proteomics for biomarker search, quantitative proteomics, proteomics with post-translational modification and future perspective of proteomics.

Proteomics is a branch of molecular biology that deals with the identification and quantification proteins in living objects, as well analysis protein functions their interactions.
 studied by are expressed given cell, tissue or organism over period time (under certain conditions).
 It known information about primary structure (the sequence amino acid residues protein) contained struc...

conclusions multiple associations existed between atrophic urogenital changes and urinary incontinence. the most significant interaction was between urinary tract infections and urinary incontinence in menopausal women, with urinary tract infections increasing the risk of incontinence by 5.6 fold. we recommend health professionals to focus on early screening of these issues and implement educat...

a study was designed to evaluate the normal value of 24 hr urinary calcium levels in the city of yazd. the average urinary excretion of calcium in a sample of 329 persons randomly selected was 232 mg/day, while patients with a history of recurrent urolithiasis excreted 20x mg/day. there is evidence which shows that more important factors than the amount of urinary calcium exist which influence ...