1. To investigate the mechanisms of acute mountain sickness, 22 subjects travelled to 3100 m by road and the following day walked to 4300 m on Mount Kenya. Control measurements were made over 2 days at 1300 m before ascent and for 2 days after arrival at 4300 m. These included body weight, 24 h urine volume, 24 h sodium and potassium excretion, blood haemoglobin, packed cell volume, and symptom...

There is evidence that in cardiac failure, there is defective baroreceptor reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity. Often, cardiac failure is preceded by a state of cardiac hypertrophy in which there may be enhanced performance of the heart. This study investigated whether in two different models of cardiac hypertrophy, there was an increased contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to the low-pr...

The purpose of this study was to separate and determine Nystatin in water, urine and plasma samples using a method based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) coated magnetic nanoparticles (nano-magnets Fe3O4) along with spectrophotometry which has been developed for to this end. Due to their excellent adsorption capacity and high chemical stability, nanoparticles can be modified by surfactants. The ...

The urinalysis is an important step in the diagnostic workup of patients with kidney diseases. The assessment of the urine includes evaluation of its physical characteristics (colour, clarity and volume), the measurement of biochemical parameters using dipstick tests (urine pH, blood, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen and protein) and importantly the evaluation of the sediment by phase ...

The voided volume of urine or the uroflowmetry of the patients are routinely examined in urology department of healthcare facilities in order to diagnose urinary system diseases or manage systemic metabolism. Conventional uroscopy has several problems. Patients often suffer mental anguish with a sense of shame on ground that they discharge their urine and leave it in the public eye at inspectio...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the Ultrafiltration versus Intravenous Diuretics for Patients Hospitalized for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure trial, ultrafiltration (UF) removed volume more effectively than usual care (UC). Hypothetically, UF may be superior to UC due to increased sodium (Na) removal and less neurohormonal activation. We compared UF and UC in a randomized pilot trial of target ...

Four boys with classical nephrogenic diabetes insipidus have been treated by indomethacin, by hydrochlorothiazide, and by the combination of indomethacin and hydrochlorothiazide. Hydrochlorothiazide treatment was slightly more effective than indomethacin treatment in reducing the urine volume and increasing the urine osmolality. The combination of indomethacin and hydrochlorothiazide appeared t...

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis are routinely used on first-catch urine (FCU) specimens. We analyzed data from a head-to-head comparison of NAATs on female FCU specimens and found that the volume of urine collected could affect test performance.

Fluid balance is essential for normal functioning of the body. Oliguria (poor urine output) is usually associated with low circulatory blood volume (hypovolaemia), and can be a sign that a patient is acutely ill and deteriorating. Early warning scoring systems should identify the condition so that appropriate interventions can be undertaken to restore urine output and protect renal function.