Abstract The Eritrea–Ethiopia Claims Commission hugely contributed to the development of IHL jurisprudence by interpreting, clarifying and applying rules. However, Commission’s decision regarding suspension delay repatriation Eritrean POWs Ethiopia, which was handed down nearly two decades ago, still draws much criticism. On one hand, date marking cessation hostilities, according Article 118 Ge...

Sir John Boyd Orr (1937) demonstrated that in the social and economic conditions prevailing in Great Britain during the nineteen-thirties one-tenth of the population was consuming food which was both insufficient in quantity and unsatisfactory in quality when compared with accepted dietary standards. This underfeeding was associated with much ill health and poor physical development. The outbre...

This study focuses on the history of relations between the Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo during a relatively extensive period, starting with the demise of the Ottoman Empire to present. It examines the process of the division of Kosovo society along ethnic, cultural, and religious lines that eventually made the seizure of power possible by nationalistic conservatives. The study investigates bot...

Purpose. To develop tools, recommendations and proposals for improving international national law in the sphere of environmental protection during war. Methodology. The methods used are critical analysis to establish that war cannot be implemented on basis current legislation; synthesis study state (EL); system EL; content effectiveness protocols Geneva Conventions; a systematic approach buildi...

BACKGROUND Military fatalities occur in clusters, and causes differ between theatres of operation or within-theatre over time. AIM Based on around 500 coalition deaths, identify major causes in Iraq and Afghanistan. For consecutive periods (1: May 1 to September 17, 2006, 2: September 18, 2006 to February 4, 2007), ascertain UK and others' numbers deployed to compare fatality rates per 1000-p...

WORLD War II changed American medicine. Physicians were recruited in unprecedented numbers because the armed services needed specialists to care for the troops both in and out of combat. The need for physicians who were able to administer anesthetics to injured soldiers was of paramount concern. To accelerate training, the armed services created postgraduate courses to teach the fundamentals of...

In its Preface, The 9/11 Commission Report states: “We learned that the institutions charted with protecting ...national security did not understand how grave this threat can be, and did not adjust their policies, plans, and practices to deter or defeat it” (2004: xvi). Given current realities and uncertainties “better preparedness” can be achieved by identifying, controlling and managing the e...

Over the past decade the term Fusion has become synonymous with tactical or battle space awareness after hostilities have begun. As such, work has concentrated on object identification, tracking algorithms and the use of multiple sources for reducing uncertainty and maximizing coverage. As more situations unfold throughout the world, smart strategic decisions must be made before deployment of o...