Scholarly usage data provides unique opportunities to address the known shortcomings of citation analysis. However, the collection, processing and analysis of usage data remains an area of active research. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art in usage-based informetric, i.e. the use of usage data to study the scholarly process.

With the world wide acceptance of virtual educational technologies, it has been shown that they play a vital role in the scientific arena. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the role of Biotechnology virtual laboratories in integrating student’s learning ability and introducing it as an effective instructional tool in biotechnology courses. A post-usage survey was conducted among the user...

Group-administered questionnaires were used to examine the social judgments of 139 9thand 12th-grade students regarding drug usage. Subjects were divided into groups on the basis of self-reported drug use. Low-drug-use and high-drug-use subjects of both grades tended to view drug use as a matter of personal discretion or prudence rather than an issue of morality or social convention. High-drug-...

To make fast and accurate behavioral choices, we need to integrate noisy sensory input, take prior knowledge into account, and adjust our decision criteria. It was shown previously that in two-alternative-forced-choice tasks, optimal decision making can be formalized in the framework of a sequential probability ratio test and is then equivalent to a diffusion model. However, this analogy hides ...

What Is Learning Analytics? At its core, learning analytics (LA) is the collection and analysis of usage data associated with student learning. The purpose of LA is to observe and understand learning behaviors in order to enable appropriate interventions. The reports that an LA application generates can be very helpful for instructors (about student activities and progress), for students (feedb...

The proposed study begins with the assumption that individuals differ in their vulnerability to develop drug abuse. Therefore, a crucial step in developing prevention and treatment programs for drug abuse is the identification of the biobehavioral basis of the vulnerability. The proposed study is a type of high-risk study using only identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins, rather than a conventional ...

Previously proposed usage analyses have proved not to scale up well for large programs. In this paper we present a powerful and accurate type based analysis designed to scale up for large programs. The key features of the type system are usage subtyping and bounded usage polymorphism. Bounded polymorphism can lead to huge constraint sets and to express constraints compactly we introduce a new e...

BACKGROUND This paper explores whether at different stages of the developmental cycle of adolescence, drug use and offending are associated with a similar set of risk factors relating to: socio-structural position, informal social control, deviant peer group contexts, and deviant lifestyle behaviours. METHODS Multivariate regression was used to analyse data from the Edinburgh Study of Youth T...

Background and purpose: Many workers are exposed to workplace hazards. Many occupational diseases are preventable by personal protective devices (PPDs). Though many workers do not use PPDs or their protection by PPDs is not sufficient. This study was designed to assess the quality of PPDs usage among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 648 workers from four ma...

background: over the last 10 years, the evidential practice has been developing in kazakhstan. the clinical protocols of diagnostics and treatment were implemented in the country since 2007. we analyzed the normal birth practice in kazakhstan. materials and methods: obstetricians and midwives were subject to the questionnaire survey in four large maternity hospitals of almaty. results: totally,...