Max-Cost Paths in DAGS Let G = (V,E) be a weighted directed graph. Dijkstra’s algorithm constructs a shortest path tree rooted at (any vertex) s in O(|E| log |V |) time (or O(|E|+ |V | log |V |) with more sophisticated data structures) as long as the algorithm does not contain any negative cycles. Surprisingly, the corresponding max-cost problem, i.e., finding a maximum cost simple path tree ro...

K. A. Janulewicz, J. J. Rocca, F. Bortolotto, M. P. Kalachnikov, V. N. Shlyaptsev, W. Sandner, and P. V. Nickles Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 Department of Applied Science, UC Davis-Livermore, California 94550 ~Received 1 September 2000; published 6 Febr...

For a graph G(V,E) (|V | = n) and a vertex s ∈ V , a weighting scheme (w : E → N) is called a min-unique (resp. max-unique) weighting scheme, if for any vertex v of the graph G, there is a unique path of minimum (resp. maximum) weight from s to v. Instead, if the number of paths of minimum (resp. maximum) weight is bounded by n for some constant c, then the weighting scheme is called a min-poly...

Doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin (DAUN) are effective anticancer drugs; however, considerable interpatient variability exists in their pharmacokinetics. This may be caused by altered metabolism by nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (ns-SNPs) in genes encoding aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) and carbonyl reductases. This study examined the effect of 27 ns-SNPs, in eight human genes, on ...

UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), the most important enzymes in body detoxification and homeostasis maintaining, govern the glucuronidation reaction of various endogenous and environmental carcinogens. The metabolic function of UGTs can be severely influenced by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth prevalent and third malignant cancer worldwide. Particularly in China, HBV-positive HCC a...

We consider A(n, k) = maxA{|A| : dim(A) ≤ k, A ⊂ {0, 1} n is an antichain}, where the dimension is taken from the linear span of A in R, we conjecture the exact value of A(n, k) and we prove this conjecture for all n and k ≤ ⌊ n 2 ⌋ +1 or k = n−1. This is a contribution to the program of systematic investigation of extremal problems under dimension constraints, which was recently presented by t...

Glucuronidation is often recognized as one of the rate-determining factors that limit the bioavailability of flavonols. Hence, design and synthesis of more bioavailable flavonols would benefit from the establishment of predictive models of glucuronidation using kinetic parameters [e.g., K(m), V(max), intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) = V(max)/K(m)] derived for flavonols. This article aims to constr...

OBJECTIVE To relate QT parameters to infarct size and inducibility during electrophysiological studies. DESIGN Analysis of a prospective register. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS 64 patients with coronary artery disease and documented life threatening ventricular arrhythmias. INTERVENTIONS Measurements of QT-max, QTc-max, and QT dispersion (QT-d) on a simultaneous 12 lead ECG (50 ...

Previous studies suggest that genetic factors and acclimation can account for differences in aerobic performance (V(O(2)max)) between high and low altitude populations of small mammals. However, it remains unclear to what extent development at different oxygen partial pressures (P(O(2))) can affect aerobic performance during adulthood. Here we compared the effects of development at contrasting ...

Background: In the present study, we aimed to clarify impact of Assisted swim (A-swim; towing from propulsion direction) on front crawl performance at maximum and sub-maximum effort levels. Methods: Fourteen male collegiate swimmers (age, 21.0 ± 2.0 years; height, 1.73 0.05 m; weight, 67.1 7.1 kg) participated. Participants swam 25-m maximal (Max) submaximal intensity (Submax (80% max stroke ra...