one of the most serious kinds of hepatitis is hepatitis b. this condition is more common than aids, and is 100 time more contagious. in iran the most common cause of acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and also hepatocellar carcinoma in adults, is hepatitis b. more than two billion people are infected and more than 350 million of individuals are carriers of this virus in the entire wo...

background the impact of hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccination campaigns on hbv epidemiology needs to be evaluated, in order to assess the long-term immunity offered by vaccines against hbv. objectives to evaluate the current status of anti-hbv vaccine coverage among healthcare workers (hcws) in southern italy, and to determine the long-term persistence of antibodies to hepatitis b surface antige...

Health-care providers (HCPs) are at increased risk for exposure to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in the workplace. The rationale for immunization of HCPs relies on the need to protect them and, indirectly, their patients from health-care-associated VPDs. Published evidence indicates significant immunity gaps for VPDs of HCPs globally. Deficits in knowledge and false perceptions about VPDs...

Influenza is a serious disease, especially for older people, and incomplete vaccination take-up poses a major public health challenge. On both the side of physicians and patients, there could be promising channels for increasing immunization rates, but no attempt has yet been made to empirically unravel their respective influences. Using exclusion restrictions implied by an economic model of ph...

There is no national estimate of adult influenza vaccination by U.S. office-based pediatricians. De-identified patient-level data from an electronic healthcare claims database submitted to private and public insurers were analyzed for pediatric offices from the 2006-2007 through 2010-2011 seasons. An average of 321,000 (range: 225,000-434,000) influenza vaccinations per year were estimated to b...

We describe a prioritization scheme for an allocation of a sizeable quantity of vaccine or antivirals in a stratified population. The scheme builds on an optimal strategy for reducing the epidemic's initial growth rate in a stratified mass-action model. The strategy is tested on the EpiSims network describing interactions and influenza dynamics in the population of Utah, where the stratificatio...

Why do we not, then, use inactivated polio vaccines for routine immunisation in childhood? Parents would not need to be immunised at the same time as their child; and the current inactivated polio vaccines (improved considerably compared with the earliest examples) induce reliable and lasting immunity and are safe. Moreover, in the Netherlands the vaccine has virtually eliminated the disease,9 ...

OBJECTIVES Although use of non-medical settings for vaccination such as retail pharmacies has grown in recent years, little is known about how various settings are used by individuals with different vaccination habits. We aimed to assess the relationship between repeated, annual influenza vaccination and location of vaccination. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 4,040 adul...

conclusions the hepatitis b vaccination coverage was more than many studies in other countries. it seems that the vaccination program of the current study had sufficient efficacy for medical surveillance of hcws in the academic hospitals under study. the essential point for success at a vaccination program was good performance of occupational health department. methods this retrospective descri...

background: antibody production in patients with end-stage kidney disease impairs due to several mechanisms. there are different ways to improve response rate to hepatitis b (hb) vaccine. in this study we evaluated the effect of tetanus-diphtheria toxoid (td) vaccine on hbs antibody (ab) level while being given simultaneously with hb vaccine.  methods: we recruited 43 hemodialysis and 20 perito...