In this paper, a combined Laplace transform (LT) and boundary element method (BEM) is used to find numerical solutions problems of anisotropic functionally graded media that are governed by the transient diffusion–convection–reaction equation. First, variable coefficient governing equation reduced constant Then, Laplace-transformed coefficients transformed into boundary-only integral Using BEM,...

A meshless numerical technique is proposed for solving the generalized variable coefficient Schrodinger equation and Schrodinger-Boussinesq system with electromagnetic fields. The employed meshless technique is based on a generalized smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approach. The spatial direction has been discretized with the generalized SPH technique. Thus, we obtain a system of ordinary...

Heat transfer in a porous medium over a stretching surface with internal heat generation and suction or injection has been analyzed numerically in the presence of radiation. In this analysis, the governing equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations and solved them numerically using Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration technique. The local similarity solutions fo...

Although the literature on alternatives to effect indicators is growing, there has been little attention given to evaluating causal and composite (formative) indicators. This paper provides an overview of this topic by contrasting ways of assessing the validity of effect and causal indicators in structural equation models (SEMs). It also draws a distinction between composite (formative) indicat...

We investigate the local regularity of pointed spacetimes, that is, timeoriented Lorentzian manifolds in which a point and a future-oriented, unit timelike vector (an observer) are selected. Our main result covers the class of Einstein vacuum spacetimes. Under curvature and injectivity bounds only, we establish the existence of a local coordinate chart defined in a ball with definite size in wh...