@1# Bryson, Jr., A. E., and Ho, Y-C., 1975, Applied Optimal Control, Optimization, Estimation, and Control, Hemisphere, New York. @2# Anderson, B. D. O., and Moore, J. B., 1990, Linear Optimal Control, PrenticeHall, NJ. @3# Chankong, V., and Peng, T. K. C., 1983, Multiobjective Decision Making— Theory and Methodology, Elsevier, New York. @4# Thompson, A. G., 1976, ‘‘Active suspension with optim...

Objective: The present study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of fresh, aged, and cooked garlic extracts on blood glucose and memory of diabetic rats induced by streptozocine (STZ). Material and Methods: Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). An oral dose of 1000 mg/kg of each garlic extract was given daily for 4 weeks after dia...

Pedestrians are among the most vulnerable road users. Speed of vehicles is considered as one of the major causes of danger for pedestrians crossing the street. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to devise suitable solutions to reduce speed of vehicles. One of these solutions is installation of Pedestrian Refuge Islands (PRI) in very wide midblocks. With regard to fluctuations in pedestrian a...

Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains to be a major cause of long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in term neonates. Hypothermia offers partial neuroprotection warranting research for additional therapies. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous product tryptophan metabolism, was previously shown beneficial rat HIE models. We sought determine if the KYNA analog SZR72 would afford piglets. ...

In this work, the particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10) emissions from a medium-sized passenger vehicle's front brake wear were studied using finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental approaches. The world harmonised light-duty vehicle test procedure-brake (WLTP-B) cycle was chosen to simulate real-world driving. An electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI+) used count particles on dynam...

γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an approved therapeutic for the excessive sleepiness and sudden loss of muscle tone (cataplexy) characteristic of narcolepsy. The mechanism of action for these therapeutic effects is hypothesized to be GABAB receptor dependent. We evaluated the effects of chronic administration of GHB and the GABAB agonist R-baclofen (R-BAC) on arousal state and cataplexy in two model...

This study examined how repeated olanzapine (OLZ) or clozapine (CLZ) treatment in adolescence alters sensitivity to the same drug in adulthood in the phencyclidine (PCP) hyperlocomotion model. Male adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats (postnatal day (P) 44-48) were first treated with OLZ (1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg, subcutaneously (sc)) or CLZ (10.0 or 20.0 mg/kg, sc) and tested in the PCP (3.2 mg/kg, sc)-indu...

OBJECTIVE(S) Cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia (CHI) is a neurological disease where impaired hippocampus electrical activity and cognition caused by a serial pathophysiological events. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic oral administration of grape seed extract (GSE) on passive avoidance memory and long-term potentiation (LTP) after permanent bilateral common carotid arteries oc...

Abnormal blood pressure (BP) elevation in early morning is known to cause cardiovascular events. Previous studies have suggested that one of the reasons in abnormal dairy BP variability is sympathoexcitation. We have demonstrated that brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) causes sympathoexcitation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether central AT1R blockade attenuates th...

Although relatively little is known of the mechanisms involved in secondary axonal loss after spinal cord injury (SCI), recent data from in vitro models of white matter (WM) injury have implicated abnormal sodium influx as a key event. We hypothesized that blockade of sodium channels after SCI would reduce WM loss and long-term functional deficits. To test this hypothesis, a sufficient and safe...