Corrected Miller–Tucker–Zemlin type subtour elimination constraints for the capacitated vehicle routing problem are presented. 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

In the last decade, there has been an increasing body of research in dynamic vehicle routing problems. This article surveys the subclass of those problems called dynamic pickup and delivery problems, in which objects or people have to be collected and delivered in real time. It discusses some general issues as well as solution strategies.

Task Allocation and Vehicle Routing in Dynamic Environments