Introduction: Chemotherapy induced mucositis (CIM) is a frequent complication to anticancer treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) has been suggested for treatment of CIM, unfortunately the peptide is also shown to accentuate colonic dysplasia in carcinogen treated mice. Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1) is secreted simultaneously with GLP-2 from the L-cell. GLP-1 is responsible for maintaini...

To determine the cellular mechanism whereby oral insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) increases intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) activity, we studied 2-d-old pigs fed cow's milk formula (control, n = 5), formula + low IGF-I (0.5 mg/L; n = 6) or formula + high IGF-I (12.0 mg/L, n = 6) for 15 d. On d 15, intestinal protein synthesis and lactase processing were measured in vivo in fed ...

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) causes the symptoms of a very common food poisoning. To assess whether CPE-induced cytotoxicity is necessary for enterotoxicity, a rabbit ileal loop model was used to compare the in vivo effects of native CPE or recombinant CPE (rCPE), both of which are cytotoxic, with those of the noncytotoxic rCPE variants rCPE D48A and rCPE(168-319). Both CPE and rCP...

Distinct glycoconjugate expression between dome enterocytes and villus enterocytes in ileum from twelve 3-week-old conventional pigs was examined by the use of twenty one biotinylated lectins with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Three patterns of staining were seen. First, lectins bind to dome enterocyte and villus enterocyte to approximately equal staining, i.e. DSL, WGA, s-WGA and Co...

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 grown on citrus-juice waste and corn-soybean substrate on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbial population and intestinal morphology in broilers. Three hundred twenty d-old Ross chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments on the basis of BW in a randomized complete...

This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary oregano essential oils on 150 30-week-old Hy-Line Layers’ productive performance, egg quality characteristics, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activities, mucosa structure of the duodenum and jejunum and glucose and small peptides transporters expression in the duodenum and jejunum. All hens were allocated into one of five differe...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Gluten ingestion leads to small intestinal mucosal injury in patients with celiac disease, necessitating strict life-long exclusion of dietary gluten. Despite adherence to a gluten-free diet, many patients remain symptomatic and still have small intestinal inflammation. In this case, nondietary therapies are needed. We investigated the ability of ALV003, a mixture of 2 recombi...

Effect of 50 mg/kg body weight of leaf extract of jamun (Syzygium Cumini Linn. Skeels) was studied on the radiation-induced changes in the jejunum of mice exposed to 7, 10 or 15 Gy γradiation on day 1, 3 and 7 days post-irradiation. Histological examination of mouse jejunum on day 1, 3 or 7 revealed a dose dependent increase in the radiation-induced damage after exposure to 7, 10 or 15 Gy. Irra...

Hookworms are known to cause marked changes to the intestinal mucosa, especially in relation to erosion of the villi. However, since the development of enteropathy has not been examined thoroughly through quantitative experiments on infected animals, the results of experiments conducted in hamsters infected with Ancylostoma ceylanicum are reported. Changes to intestinal architecture were first ...

To investigate the effects of Kluyveromyces marxianus on immune responses, intestinal structure and microbiota in broilers, 840 1-d-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into seven groups (eight replicates) and were fed basal diets without or with 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 g/kg of K. marxianus (2.0×1010 CFU/g). Serum and intestine samples were collected at 21 d of age. The results s...