Methods The ‘pain on nominated aggravating activity’ visual analogue scale (VASNA), was compared to the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. The distribution of painful activities selected by patients using the VASNA in the BRACE trial was compared to activities covered by the KOOS. We also compared the standardised between-groups change in pain in the VASNA and the KOOS to s...

Methods Adult patients (aged 18+ years) with acute pain attending the ED were initially assessed by medical staff and/or acupuncture staff for the suitability of acupuncture treatment. A total of 200 patients received acupuncture treatment. The selection of points for treatment was based on Chinese medicine diagnosis and theory. The treatment duration was 30 minutes on average with or without e...

 Background & Objective: Pain is an unpleasant feeling that influences the quality of patients’ life. Arteriovenous fistula catheterization pain can be reduced in hemodialysis patients with nonmedicinal and noninvasive methods of pain relief. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of cryotherapy at the Hoku point on the severity of the pain of catheterization in hemodialysis patients.  M...

introduction: the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two irrigants on decreasing the pain and swelling at different times after treatment of necrotic pulp. materials and methods: fifty patients with single canal tooth and necrotic pulp were selected and divided into two groups, twenty-five in each. rotary files were used for preparing the canals and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate an...

objective: the three-factor eating questionnaire reduced (tfeq-r18) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing eating behavior worldwide. the present study aimed at confirming the reliability and validity of the persian version of tfeq-r18 among overweight and obese females in iran. material and methods: in the present study, 168 overweight and obese females consented to participa...

BACKGROUND Treatments for cosmetically unpleasing periocular and lateral temporal veins are limited. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the application of topical lidocaine before the cosmetic treatment of periorbital and lateral temporal veins with a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (ND:YAG) laser will result in a significant reduction in subjective pain compared ...

The smallest detectable difference is the smallest statistically significant change in measurement results. In the field of temporomandibular disorders, the smallest detectable difference is not a commonly used concept. Most outcome studies are based on comparisons of group means, although this does not provide information about individual changes or about the clinical relevance thereof. The sm...