We conducted a retrospective case series study to evaluate the safety of fosfluconazole prophylaxis for preventing invasive fungal infection in VLBW infants with a central vascular access. Fosfluconazole was administered intravenously at a dose of 6 mg/kg everyday during which time a central venous catheter was placed. A total of 23 infants met the criteria for enrollment in our study. No cases...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical factors most predictive of red blood cell transfusion in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of VLBW infants cared for at a single level III NICU during a two year period, n = 199. RESULTS Overall transfusion requirement was 4.6 +/- 6.2 transfusions/infant/hospital course. Length of hospital stay, days of mechanical vent...

Objectives: This study compares the prevalence of high neonatal risk among very-low-birth-weight babies (VLBW) referred to North Carolina’s Infant/Toddler Program and those VLBW babies not referred to the program. The study also compares demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of mothers with VLBW babies referred and not referred to the program. Methods: The sample for this study was obta...

BACKGROUND Very low birth weight (VLBW) and premature infants are at risk for developing postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease, including CMV-related sepsis-like syndrome (CMV-SLS) for which estimates [corrected] in the United States are lacking. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled proportions (and 95% confidence intervals) of VLBW and premature...

Low birth weight (LBW) is common in humans and has been found to cause lasting cognitive and developmental deficits later in life. It is thought that the primary cause is intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) due to a shortage of oxygen and supply of nutrients to the fetus. Pigs appear to be a good model animal to investigate long-term cognitive effects of LBW, as LBW is common in commerciall...

OBJECTIVE To compare the survival and short term morbidity of all New Zealand very low birthweight (VLBW) infants born in two epochs, 1986 and 1998-1999. SETTING All level III and level II neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in New Zealand. METHODS In 1986, data were prospectively collected for a study of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In 1998-1999, prospective data were collected by t...

BACKGROUND Over the last two decades, improvements in medical care have been associated with a significant increase and better outcome of very preterm (VP, < 32 completed gestational weeks) and very low birth weight (VLBW, < 1500 g) infants. Only a few publications analyse changes of their short-term outcome in a geographically defined area over more than 10 years. We therefore aimed to investi...

Latest World Health Organization guidelines recommend weight-based nevirapine prophylaxis for all HIV-exposed infants in resource-limited settings, yet low birth weight (LBW) infants (< 2500 g) have been understudied. Using data from the NIH-funded India six-week extended-dose nevirapine (SWEN) study, a randomized clinical trial of SWEN versus single-dose nevirapine (SD) for prevention of breas...

OBJECTIVES To assess the contribution of children with different birth weights to special educational needs within a single health district, and to determine whether this pattern changed over the time when the survival of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants was increasing. SETTING An inner London health district. STUDY DESIGN A cohort of children born to local parents between January 1974 a...

AIM To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS In this retrospective study of VLBW infants, we analyzed the prevalence of AKI, as defined by changes in serum creatinine and urine output, associated risk factors and outcomes. RESULTS A total of 293 VLBW infants (mean gestational age 28.7 wk) were included...