A very fast recovery voltage regulator for large capacitive loads is presented. A feedback cascode technique is used to achieve high recovery speed when a previously discharged capacitance is connected to the regulator output. The design has been optimized for a word-line read voltage regulator for a 4-level (2-bit/cell) 32-Mcell Flash memory (64 Mbits). Computer simulations showed that recover...

As one of the key technologies of large scale access of distributed energy resources, the HVDC transmission system has great potential for further development. Therefore, in the past decades, the problem associated with HVDC converters connected to weak AC networks has become an important research field. The one of particular interest, and highest in consequences, is the AC voltage stability at...

A low power voltage reference generator operating with a supply voltage ranging from 1.6 to 3.6 V has been implemented in a 90-nm standard CMOS technology. The reference is based on MOSFETs that are biased in the weak inversion region to consume nanowatts of power and uses no resistors. The maximum supply current at 3.6 V and at 125 C is 173 nA. It provides a 771 mV voltage reference. A tempera...

Product & Technology Reviews (PTR) are developed for Northwest electric utilities. EnergyIdeas Clearinghouse engineers review published literature for objective, independent test results. No primary testing was conducted by the reviewer for the preparation of this document. PTR factsheets describe the technology, discuss available data, and suggest additional testing needed to verify energy sav...

Feedback stabilization of the nominal periodic operating condition of PWM DC-DC converters is considered, using recently developed general sampled-data models. Two types of discrete-time washout filter aided feedback stabilization scheme are proposed and studied in detail. These are voltage reference compensation and dynamic ramp compensation. The stabilization schemes preserve the nominal peri...

Voltage Source Converters (VSC) have for the first time been used for HVDC transmission in a real network. Experience from the design and commissioning of the transmission shows that the technology has now reached the stage where it is possible to build high voltage converters utilising Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). Operation and system tests have proved that the properties that h...

Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has become a standard approach for reducing power when performance requirements vary. Voltage dithering was proposed to provide near-optimum DVS power savings with much less overhead [1]. Voltage dithering refers to operating for different fractions of time at two discrete voltage and frequency pairs to achieve an intermediate average frequency. Previous implementa...

In digital or mixed-signal applications, there is a need to precisely regulate the voltage entering or exiting a circuit. The Zener diode has a unique property that offers a simple, low-cost solution to this problem. This application note discusses the implementation of this voltage regulator and its advantages and drawbacks.

In electricity distribution networks, the increasing penetration of renewable energy generation necessitates faster and more sophisticated voltage controls. Unfortunately, recent research shows that local voltage control fails in achieving the desired regulation, unless there is some communication between the controllers. However, the communication infrastructure for distribution systems are le...

 Measures active, reactive, and apparent energies  Current, voltage RMS and instantaneous measurement  Frequency measurement  Ripple-free active energy pulsed output  Live and neutral monitoring for tamper detection  Fast and simple one-point digital calibration over the whole current range  Integrated linear voltage regulators for digital and analog supply  Selectable RC or crystal osc...