During normal pregnancy, the functional load on the heart and circulation are monitored, but the effect of pregnancy on the pericardium has not received the deserved attention. The aim of this study was to assess pericardial sac during normal pregnancy when developing pericardial effusion, with reference to clinical significance and prognostic signs. One hundred and four asymptomatic healthy pr...

BACKGROUND Oligohydramnios (reduced amniotic fluid) may be responsible for malpresentation problems, umbilical cord compression, concentration of meconium in the liquor, and difficult or failed external cephalic version. Simple maternal hydration has been suggested as a way of increasing amniotic fluid volume in order to reduce some of these problems. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review w...

In this paper, the natural convection heat transfer of Al2O3-EG-water nanofluid in a rectangular cavity which is heated from the bottom and is cooled from the top has been investigated numerically. The governing equations for a Newtonian fluid have been solved numerically with a finite volume approach using the SIMPLER algorithm. The main focus of the current study is on the effects of variable...

in this paper the numerical analysis of flow and time dependent heat transfer of micro-tube conveying nanofluid in laminar flow is investigated. in this study, convection heat transfer of nanofluid and base fluid and transient analysis for time-varying heat flux for time step of 0.0001 second are elucidated. it is observed that the pumping power of nanofluid flowing and the maximum temperature ...

The present paper focuses on problem of mixed convection fluid flow and heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid with temperature and nanoparticles concentration dependent thermal conductivity and effective viscosity inside Lid-driven cavity having a hot rectangular obstacle. The governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method while the SIMPLER algorithm is employed to couple v...

1. Plasma volume, packed cell volume (PCV), blood pressure, extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and evans blue disappearance rate were measured in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats and in weight-matched Wistar normotensive rats. 2. Over the weight range studied (250-350 g), plasma and blood volumes were significantly lower in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Extracellular fluid volumes...

The human body has multiple blood pressure control mechanisms, each of which serves a special and usually different role in pressure regulation. The nervous pressure controllers usually react within seconds and prevent major rapid changes in pressure when acute extraneous forces act on the circulatory system. Then, within minutes to hours, several intermediately acting pressure controllers beco...

The dynamics of fluid volume distribution between the blood and interstitium during hyperproteinemia were studied in 12 anephric, conscious dogs during several states of hydration. After recovery from splenectomy and unilateral nephrectomy, plasma protein concentration was elevated to 8.4-8.7 g/dl by daily intravenous infusion of 330 ml of previously collected autologous plasma for 11 days. The...