Research on climate change has increased significantly since the 1970s. There also been a particular focus Africa, given its vulnerability to impacts and urbanization trends that may have massive implications for adaptation mitigation. Despite wealth of publications in there is lack review studies highlight overall research landscape. If this status clarified, African countries can better deal ...

Freshwater ecosystems are particularly at risk from climate change due to the intrinsic link between physical properties of water environment and those species that live there. Mayflies, stoneflies caddisflies key indicators health freshwater environments their biological traits ecological preferences determine vulnerability change. Traits for 289 British were analysed, with voltinism, length f...

The negative impact of high-temperature disaster on agricultural production is becoming more and serious, reducing the vulnerability to fundamental achieving sustainable development. This study mainly focused in Shaanxi Province, China. Firstly, 15 indicators were selected from perspectives exposure, sensitivity, adaptability. Secondly, combined weighting method (Critic-G1 model) was used deter...

identification and analysis of farmers’ vulnerability associated with their risk aversion degree is one of the necessary requirements for planning and reducing impacts of drought in iran. so, this study was investigated three risk vulnerability parameters (economic, social and technical) among wheat farmers categorized in accordance with their risk aversion degree in the mashhad county (iran) b...

Software engineers and businesses must make the difficult decision of how much of their budget to spend on software security mitigation for the applications and networks on which they depend. In this article, we introduce a novel method of optimizing, using Integer Programming (IP), the combination of security countermeasures to be implemented in order to maximize system security under fixed re...

Determinants of adaptive and mitigative capacities (e.g., availability of technological options, and access to economic resources, social capital and human capital) largely overlap. Several factors underlying or related to these determinants are themselves indicators of sustainable development (e.g., per capita income; and various public health, education and research indices). Moreover, climat...

Roads are a major cause of habitat fragmentation that can negatively affect many mammal populations. Mitigation measures such as crossing structures are a proposed method to reduce the negative effects of roads on wildlife, but the best methods for determining where such structures should be implemented, and how their effects might differ between species in mammal communities is largely unknown...

Reducing the vulnerability of agriculture to climate change while increasing primary productivity requires mitigation and adaptation activities to generate profitable cobenefits to farms. The conversion of woody-wastes by pyrolysis to produce bio-char (biologically derived charcoal) is one potential option that can enhance natural rates of carbon sequestration in soils, reduce farm waste, and s...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Considering the history of frequent, and severe, earthquakes in Iran and the importance of health care service delivery by hospitals in these cases, having a plan to deal with disasters should be considered a priority. The aim of this study was the observance of preparedness prerequisites against earthquake in hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medi...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the current literature and ideas on how local climate change action (both mitigation and adaptation) could be intensified. Approach: A literature review on the current views of effective local climate action within academic journals and policy documents was undertaken. Additional data on Australian grassroots community activities was compiled fro...