It has long been proposed that turgor pressure plays an essential role during bacterial growth by driving mechanical expansion of the cell wall. This hypothesis is based on analogy to plant cells, for which this mechanism has been established, and on experiments in which the growth rate of bacterial cultures was observed to decrease as the osmolarity of the growth medium was increased. To disti...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the vasodilating -blocker nebivolol and the cardioselective -blocker metoprolol succinate on aortic blood pressure and left ventricular wall thickness. We conducted a randomized, double-blind study on 80 hypertensive patients. The patients received either 5 mg of nebivolol or 50 to 100 mg of metoprolol succinate daily for 1 year. Their hea...

The mammalian aorta undergoes rapid remodeling during the perinatal period and more gradual remodeling during subsequent development, but the implications of this remodeling for arterial mechanics are poorly understood. In this study in vivo and in vitro techniques were used to determine the static and viscoelastic properties of the thoracic aortas of 119-day-gestation fetal sheep (full term = ...

We hypothesized that age-linked changes in the composition and elastic properties of the arterial wall occur earlier in hypertensive than in normotensive rats. We evaluated the consequences of hypertension and aging on aortic mechanics, geometry, and composition in 3-, 9-, and 15-month-old awake Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) (normotensive) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (hypertensive). The...

Measurements of fluctuating wall pressure in a high-Reynolds-number flow over body revolution are described. With strong axial gradient and moderate lateral curvature, this non-equilibrium is relevant to marine applications as well short-haul urban transportation. The wall-pressure spectrum its scaling discussed, along with relation the space–time structure. As decelerates downstream, root-mean...

Turgor pressure in plant cells is involved in many important processes. Stable and normal turgor pressure is required for healthy growth of a plant, and changes in turgor pressure are indicative of changes taking place within the plant tissue. The ability to quantify the turgor pressure of plant cells in vivo would provide opportunities to understand better the process of pressure regulation wi...

A finite element program capable of analysing finite plane strain deformations of incompressible rubberlike (Mooney-Rivlin) materials has been develop~d. Two problems, namely a long wall loaded uniformly in two directions and a thick-wall cylindrical pressure vessel loaded internally, have been solved. The computed values of displacements, strains, stresses and hydrostatic pressure agree very c...

Conventional aqueous outflow pathway – Comprised of the trabecular meshwork, the juxtacanalicular connective tissue, the endothelial lining of Schlemm’s canal, Schlemm’s canal itself, the collecting channels, and aqueous veins. Flow resistance – The flow resistance (R=DP/Q) of a tissue is the ratio between the pressure drop across that tissue (DP) and the flow rate generated by that pressure dr...