Oil is an important non-renewable resource for the world. The application of alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding has successfully enhanced the oil recovery in Chinese oilfields. The oilfield produced water is the layer water that came from the oil well along with the oil in the alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding. Thus, the treatment process of oilfield produced water to meet the reinjection ...

Field observations indicate that the distribution of certain forest tree species is modified by periodic flooding of the soil. There appear to be distinct differences between species with respect to the amount of flooding which they will tolerate. Overcup oak, for example, often occurs on areas which are flooded for considerable periods of time during the year, but northern red oak usually occu...

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is an economical method used to improve the oil recovery from reservoirs. In the MEOR techniques, by applying different microorganisms, a variety of products such as bioacid, biogas, biosurfactant, and biopolymer are generated, among which biosurfactant, one of the important metabolites, is produced by bacteria. It is worthy to note that bacteria are suita...

Knowledge of the area and spatial distribution of paddy rice is important for assessment of food security, management of water resources, and estimation of greenhouse gas (methane) emissions. Paddy rice agriculture has expanded rapidly in northeastern China in the last decade, but there are no updated maps of paddy rice fields in the region. Existing algorithms for identifying paddy rice fields...

Flooding regime changes resulting from natural and human activity have been projected to affect wetland plant community structures and functions. It is therefore important to conduct investigations across a range of flooding gradients to assess the impact of flooding depth on wetland vegetation. We conducted this study to identify the pattern of plant height, species richness and aboveground bi...

To better understand how air cathode performance is affected by air humidification, microbial fuel cells were operated under different humidity conditions or water pressure conditions. Maximum power density decreased from 1130 30 mW m 2 with dry air to 980 80 mW m 2 with water-saturated air. When the cathode was exposed to higher water pressures by placing the cathode in a horizontal position, ...