Modeling and predicting ocean optical properties for coastal waters requires linking optical properties with the physical, chemical, and biological processes in the upper ocean. Our long-term goal is to incorporate optical processes into coupled physical-biological models for coastal waters, develop and improve integrated ocean forecasting systems, including prediction of ocean optical properties.

The water uptake by roots of plants is examined for an ideal situation, with an approximation that resembles plants growing in pots, meaning that the total soil volume is fixed. We propose a coupled water uptake-root growth model. A one-dimensional model for water flux and water uptake by a root system growing uniformly distributed in the soil is presented, and the Van Genuchten model for the t...

In this study, length-weight relationships and relative condition factors were analyzed for Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) along the north coast of China. Data covered six regions from north to south: Yellow River Estuary, Coastal Waters of Northern Shandong, Jiaozhou Bay, Coastal Waters of Qingdao, Haizhou Bay, and South Yellow Sea. In total 3,275 individuals were collected during six...

A number of hypotheses have previously been developed concerning the rates of uptake and elimination of radiocaesium (137Cs) in fish. These include the influence of potassium and other water chemical parameters on both uptake and elimination, and the effect of fish size on accumulation. In order to test these hypotheses, we have assembled a data set comprising more than 1,000 measurements of ra...

While the zebrafish is commonly used for studies of developmental biology and toxicology, very little is known about their osmoregulatory physiology. The present investigation of Na(+) and Cl(-) transport revealed that the zebrafish is able to tolerate extremely low ambient ion concentrations and that this is achieved at least in part by a greatly enhanced apparent uptake capacity and affinity ...

We examined the influence of speciation on the kinetics of silver uptake and depuration in the gills of two freshwater fish, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) which has high branchial Na(+) and Cl(-) uptake rates and is relatively sensitive to silver, and the European eel (Anguilla anguilla, yellow stage) which has low ion uptake rates and is relatively resistant to silver. Fish previousl...

OBJECTIVES This work aimed to design, synthesize and characterize replacement natural moisturizing factor (NMF) composed of modified hygroscopic linear amino acids to pre-empt or repair skin barrier dysfunction. METHODS Following synthesis and characterization, thermo-gravimetric analysis and quantum mechanics molecular modelling quantified and depicted water binding to the new compounds. Del...

Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes provide a powerful technique for quantifying the proportion of root water uptake (RWU) from different potential sources. Although many models coupled with stable have been developed to estimate plant source apportionment, inter-comparisons methods are still limited, especially their performance under soil content (SWC) conditions. In this study, three Bayesia...