Zero-knowledge proofs of compaiaiional power have been proposed by Yung and others. In this paper, we propose an ef ic ieni (direct) and consiani round (five round) construction of zero knowledge proofs of computational power. To formulate the classes that can be applied to these efficient protocols, we introduce a class of invulnerable problems, FewPR and FewPRu. We show that any invulnerable ...

Most of today’s organisations implement intranets to support, amongst other things, their knowledge management processes. Although intranets appear to be ideal arenas for organisational members to meet and share knowledge quickly and efficiently, actual usage in organisational practice seems limited. Intranets are typically marginalised to one-way communication channels for corporate informatio...

Babesia, the causal agent of babesiosis, are tick-borne apicomplexan protozoa. True babesiae (Babesia genus sensu stricto) are biologically characterized by direct development in erythrocytes and by transovarial transmission in the tick. A large number of true Babesia species have been described in various vertebrate and tick hosts. This review presents the genus then discusses specific adaptat...

Flow is the affective state in which a learner is so engaged and involved in an activity that nothing else seems to matter. In this sense, to help students in the skill development and knowledge acquisition (referred to as learners’ growth process) under optimal conditions, the instructional designers should create learning scenarios that favor the learner’s flow. One-way to obtain these scenar...

In this paper, we study connections among one-way functions, hard on the average problems, and statistical zero-knowledge proofs. In particular, we show how these three notions are related and how the third notion can be better characterized, assuming the rst one.