This study investigated the distribution of the fraction of rainfall intercepted by the facades of buildings located in an urbanized area. We used the frequently used semi-empirical standard ISO-15927-3 to simulate Wind-Driven Rain on facades. The implementation of the Norm on a neighbourhood scale required a list of parameters, including building geometry and terrain characteristics. For the f...

Nerve injury-induced expression of the spinal calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 subunit (Cavalpha2delta1) has been shown to mediate behavioral hypersensitivity through a yet identified mechanism. We examined if this neuroplasticity modulates behavioral hypersensitivity by regulating spinal glutamatergic neurotransmission in injury-free transgenic mice overexpressing the Cavalpha2delta1 proteins i...

Book Review| August 01 2021 Electronic Inspirations : Technologies of the Cold War Musical Avant-Garde, by Jennifer Iverson Inspirations: JenniferIverson. New Cultural History Music. York: Oxford University Press, 2019. xi, 303 pp. Laura Zattra LAURA ZATTRA teaches history electroacoustic music and sound design at conservatories Bologna, Castelfranco, Rovigo. She is Coeditor-in-Chief journal Mu...

Accumulating evidence suggests that activation of spinal microglia contributes to the development of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the role of spinal microglia in the maintenance of chronic pain remains controversial. Bone cancer pain shares features of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, but the temporal activation of microglia and astrocytes in this model is not well defined. Her...

BACKGROUND The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of mRNA translation whose action can be inhibited by the drug rapamycin. Forms of long-term plasticity require protein synthesis and evidence indicates that mRNA in dendrites, axon terminals and cell bodies is essential for long-term synaptic plasticity. Specific to pain, shifts in pain thresholds and responsiveness are an e...

Windup is characterized as a frequency-dependent increase in the number of evoked action potentials in dorsal horn neurons in response to electrical stimulation of afferent C-fibers. This phenomenon was first described in the mid-60s, but the core mechanisms behind it still remain elusive. Several factors affecting its dynamics have been identified, but the distinction between modulating mechan...

Histamine elicits the sensation of itch at the site of skin application as well as alloknesis (itch elicited by innocuous mechanical stimuli) in a surrounding area in humans and expansion of the low-threshold mechanosensitive receptive field area of spinal wide dynamic range (WDR)-type dorsal horn neurons in rats. We presently tested if the histamine-evoked expansion of neuronal receptive field...

Subcutaneous melittin injection causes central plasticity at the spinal level in wide-dynamic-range (WDR) neurons, which are hypersensitive to various nociceptive stimuli. Previous behavioral studies demonstrated that the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2), p38 MAPK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase are involved in both peripheral and spinal p...

The descending serotonergic (5-HT) system is shown to be plastically altered under pathological conditions such as inflammation or peripheral nerve lesion. Although much evidence indicates that the potentiation of descending facilitatory 5-HT pathways may contribute to the development of chronic pain, the inhibition of descending inhibitory 5-HT system may be functionally more important to the ...