When it is impractical to rigorously assess all parts of complex systems, test engineers use defect detectors to focus their limited resources. In this article, we define some properties of an ideal defect detector and assess different methods of generating one. In the case study presented here, traditional methods of generating such detectors (e.g. reusing detectors from the literature, linear...

In the present study, it was aimed to examine effect of gender, education level, perceived socio-economic status and age on xenophobic attitudes local people toward Syrian refugees in Turkey. The data, based AFAD (2018) refugees’ reports, were collected from 604 volunteers aged between 16 85 living six provinces. Revised Xenophobia Scale used collect data. relationship gender xenophobia examine...

System chip, system on chip (SOC), system on silicon (SOS), there are many terms and many definitions that have arisen to describe the large chips that are emerging as we move further into the murky depths of the deep submicron era. Almost everyone has their own definition of system chip, which may explain why it is that almost everyone can claim to be designing system chips. However, as they b...

The increasing availability of DNA-based diagnostic tests has raised issues about whether these should be applied to the population at large in order to identify, treat or prevent a range of diseases. DNA tests raise concerns in the community for several reasons. There is the possibility of stigmatisation and discrimination between those who test positive and those who don't. High-risk individu...

A laboratory test is clinically useful only if it successfully answers a question of consequence to patient management. Unfortunately, the results and conclusions of many published test evaluations are misleading or of uncertain validity because common-sense principles of study design are overlooked. This is illustrated by examples from recent literature. We suggest that tests should be evaluat...